ArticleJournal of neurochemistry2016
Administration of low dose estrogen attenuates gliosis and protects neurons in acute spinal cord injury in rats.
Article in Journal of neurochemistry, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Review of the Potential Use of Antioxidants in Spinal Cord Injuries.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Induction of Neural Differentiation and Protection by a Novel Slow-Release Nanoparticle Estrogen Construct in a Rat Model of Spinal Cord Injury.Neurochemical research · 2024Article
- Hormonal interventions in skin wounds - a mini review.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024Review
- Evaluating Sex Steroid Hormone Neuroprotection in Spinal Cord Injury in Animal Models: Is It Promising in the Clinic?Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Sex hormone supplementation improves breathing and restores respiratory neuroplasticity following C2 hemisection in rats.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Article
- TUNEL-n-DIFL Method for Detection and Estimation of Apoptosis Specifically in Neurons and Glial Cells in Mixed Culture and Animal Models of Central Nervous System Diseases and Injuries.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Double crosslinked biomimetic composite hydrogels containing topographical cues and WAY-316606 induce neural tissue regeneration and functional recovery after spinal cord injury.Bioactive materials · 2023Article
- Estradiol reduction through aromatase inhibition impairs cocaine seeking in male rats.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2023Article
- Identification of a circRNA-mediated comprehensive ceRNA network in spinal cord injury pathogenesis.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2022Article
- Premarin Reduces Neurodegeneration and Promotes Improvement of Function in an Animal Model of Spinal Cord Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Noxious Stimulation Induces Acute Hemorrhage and Impairs Long-Term Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) in Female Rats: Evidence Estrous Cycle May Have a Modulatory Effect.Neurotrauma reports · 2022Article
- Protective Effects of Estrogen via Nanoparticle Delivery to Attenuate Myelin Loss and Neuronal Death after Spinal Cord Injury.Neurochemical research · 2021Article
- Gypenoside XVII protects against spinal cord injury in mice by regulating the microRNA‑21‑mediated PTEN/AKT/mTOR pathway.International journal of molecular medicine · 2021Article
- Acute Dose-Dependent Neuroprotective Effects of Poly(pro-17β-estradiol) in a Mouse Model of Spinal Contusion Injury.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2021Article
- The Pathophysiology of Osteoporosis after Spinal Cord Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Nanoparticle-Based Estrogen Delivery to Spinal Cord Injury Site Reduces Local Parenchymal Destruction and Improves Functional Recovery.Journal of neurotrauma · 2021Article
- Hematogenous Macrophages: A New Therapeutic Target for Spinal Cord Injury.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- 17Mediators of inflammation · 2021Article
- Pathophysiology, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Modalities Associated with Skeletal Muscle Loss Following Spinal Cord Injury.Brain sciences · 2020Review
- Calpain mediated expansion of CD4+ cytotoxic T cells in rodent models of Parkinson's disease.Experimental neurology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating condition with neurological deficits and loss of motor function that, depending on the severity, may lead to paralysis. The only treatment currently available is methylprednisolone, which is widely used and renders limited efficacy in SCI. Therefore, other therapeutic agents must be developed. The neuroprotective efficacy of estrogen in SCI was studied with a pre-clinical and pro-translational perspective. Acute SCI was induced in rats that were treated with low doses of estrogen (1, 5, 10, or 100 μg/kg) and compared with vehicle-treated injured rats or laminectomy control (sham) rats at 48 h post-SCI. Changes in gliosis and other pro-inflammatory responses, expression and activity of proteolytic enzymes (e.g., calpain, caspase-3), apoptosis of neurons in SCI, and cell death were monitored via Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Negligible pro-inflammatory responses or proteolytic events and very low levels of neuronal death were found in sham rats. In contrast, vehicle-treated SCI rats showed profound pro-inflammatory responses with reactive gliosis, elevated expression and activity of calpain and caspase-3, elevated Bax:Bcl-2 ratio, and high levels of neuronal death in lesion and caudal regions of the injured spinal cord. Estrogen treatment at each dose reduced pro-inflammatory and proteolytic activities and protected neurons in the caudal penumbra in acute SCI. Estrogen treatment at 10 μg was found to be as effective as 100 μg in ameliorating the above parameters in injured animals. Results from this investigation indicated that estrogen at a low dose could be a promising therapeutic agent for treating acute SCI. Experimental studies with low dose estrogen therapy in acute spinal cord injury (SCI) demonstrated the potential for multi-active beneficial outcomes. Estrogen has been found to ameliorate several degenerative pathways following SCI. Thus, such early protective effects may even lead to functional recovery in long term injury. Studies are underway in chronic SCI in a follow up manuscript.
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Registered trials
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