ReviewHepatology international2016
Hepatitis C virus as a systemic disease: reaching beyond the liver.
Review in Hepatology international, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 150 citations in OpenAlex.
- In vitro fertilization for women infected by hepatitis C virus: a matched case-control study and a systematic literature review.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2017Pooled it
- Characterization of changes in intrahepatic immune cell populations during HCV treatment with sofosbuvir and ribavirin.Journal of viral hepatitis · 2019Trial
- Hepatitis C-Everything a Primary Care Physician Needs to Know About Diagnosis, Management, and Follow-Up.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Oral manifestations in patients with chronic hepatitis C.BMC oral health · 2025Observational
- Article
- Does HCV treatment completion affect the neurocognitive outcomes in patients on opioid agonist maintenance treatment: A secondary analysis.Indian journal of psychiatry · 2025Article
- Metformin and statins and their role in reducing hepatocellular carcinoma risk: Randomized trials are needed: Editorial on "Metformin and statins reduce hepatocellular carcinoma risk in chronic hepatitis C patients with failed antiviral therapy".Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2024Article
- Retrospective study evaluating association of colorectal tumors and hepatitis C virus.World journal of virology · 2024Article
- Shared genetic factors and causal association between chronic hepatitis C infection and diffuse large B cell lymphoma.Infectious agents and cancer · 2024Article
- Article
- Transfusion transmissible infections among blood donors in Ghana: A 3-year multicentered health facility-based retrospective study.Health science reports · 2023Article
- Sarcopenia in chronic viral hepatitis: From concept to clinical relevance.World journal of hepatology · 2023Review
- Recommendations of the Polish Group of Experts for HCV for the treatment of hepatitis C in 2023.Clinical and experimental hepatology · 2023Review
- Detection of colorectal adenomas using artificial intelligence models in patients with chronic hepatitis C.World journal of hepatology · 2023Article
- Review
- A spotlight on HCV and SARS-CoV-2 co-infection and brain function.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2022Article
- Severe chronic atopic dermatitis improvement after hepatitis C virus elimination with sofosbuvir/ledipasvir treatment.Postepy dermatologii i alergologii · 2022Article
- The Role of Pathogens and Anti-Infective Agents in Parkinson's Disease, from Etiology to Therapeutic Implications.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2022Review
- Role of fluid-phase complement system regulation in the development of hepatitis C virus-associated glomerulonephritis.PloS one · 2022Article
- Disparities in the quality of care for chronic hepatitis C among Medicare beneficiaries.PloS one · 2022Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is associated with multiple extrahepatic manifestations that may impact infected patients. The mechanisms through which these develop include those which are immunological, in which the chronic persistence of virus leads to the circulation of immune complexes (mixed cryoglobulinemia) and other autoimmune phenomena, and those which are virological and related to the extrahepatic tropism of the virus to other tissues. It is estimated that 40-74 % of patients with CHC may develop at least one extrahepatic manifestation during the course of the disease. Extrahepatic syndromes may represent the first signal of hepatitis C infection in some patients. CHC is associated with a four-fold increased risk of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus; with cardiovascular disease in 17-37 % of patients; and with increased risk for cerebrovascular deaths, with a biological gradient of cerebrovascular mortality correlating with an increasing serum viral load. CHC is also associated with lymphoproliferative disorders, particularly non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma. The kidney is involved in 35-60 % of patients with CHC-associated mixed cryoglobulinemia. The prevalent type of glomerulonephritis associated with mixed cryoglobulinemia is membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. In 30 % of cases, renal involvement begins with a nephritis syndrome and acute renal failure, while in 55 % there is only mild hematuria, microalbuminuria, proteinuria and renal insufficiency. CHC is also associated with cognitive impairment, especially in memory and concentration. Thus, extrahepatic CHC manifestations involve multiple organ systems outside the liver linked to a variety of comorbidities which may lead to significantly increased mortality from non-liver-related events.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.