Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26659576›Full record

ReviewActa neuropathologica2016

Neurotropic virus infections as the cause of immediate and delayed neuropathology.

Martin Ludlow, Jeroen Kortekaas, Christiane Herden, Bernd Hoffmann, Dennis Tappe, Corinna Trebst, Diane E Griffin, Hannah E Brindle, Tom Solomon, Alan S Brown and 8 more

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Acta neuropathologica, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 193 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
193citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
12.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

193 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 304 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Article
  5. Human brain matters: Navigating the neuropathology of COVID-19.Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Synthetic viral RNA mimetics induce neuronal loss through microglial phagocytosis.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026
    Article
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  20. A SynB1-conjugated antibody cocktail crosses the blood-brain barrier to produce a therapeutic effect on rabies.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article

133 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors at 14 institutions in 4 countries.

Martin LudlowResearch Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine, Bünteweg 17, 30559, Hannover, Germany.
Jeroen KortekaasDepartment of Virology, Central Veterinary Institute, Part of Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Christiane HerdenInstitute of Veterinary Pathology, Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Giessen, Germany.
Bernd HoffmannInstitute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
Dennis TappeBernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.
Corinna TrebstDepartment of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
Diane E GriffinW. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Hannah E BrindleInstitute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Tom SolomonInstitute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Alan S BrownDepartment of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA.
Debby van RielDepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Katja C WolthersLaboratory of Clinical Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Dasja PajkrtDepartment of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Peter WohlseinDepartment of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany.
Byron E E MartinaDepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Wolfgang BaumgärtnerDepartment of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany.
Georges M VerjansResearch Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine, Bünteweg 17, 30559, Hannover, Germany.
Albert D M E OsterhausResearch Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine, Bünteweg 17, 30559, Hannover, Germany. albert.osterhaus@tiho-hannover.de.
University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation · DEAmsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam · NLArtemis One Health Research Foundation · NLBernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine · DEColumbia University Irving Medical Center · USErasmus MC · NLErasmus University Rotterdam · NLFriedrich-Loeffler-Institut · DEJohns Hopkins University · USJustus-Liebig-Universität Gießen · DEMedizinische Hochschule Hannover · DEUniversity of Liverpool · GBWageningen University & Research · NLWellcome Trust Liverpool Glasgow Centre for Global Health Research · GB

Funding

CONTROL OF ALPHAVIRUS REPLICATION IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEMR01NS038932 · NINDS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI GRIFFIN, DIANE E · 2001 to 2016
$4.9M
Role of CD4 T cells in fatal alphavisus encephalomyelitisR01NS087539 · NINDS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI GRIFFIN, DIANE E · 2014 to 2018
$1.9M
Department of Health 12/205/28Department of Health IS-HPU-1112-10117Department of Health RP-PG-0108-10048NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS038932NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS087539Wellcome Trust 100890
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A wide range of viruses from different virus families in different geographical areas, may cause immediate or delayed neuropathological changes and neurological manifestations in humans and animals. Infection by neurotropic viruses as well as the resulting immune response can irreversibly disrupt the complex structural and functional architecture of the central nervous system, frequently leaving the patient or affected animal with a poor or fatal prognosis. Mechanisms that govern neuropathogenesis and immunopathogenesis of viral infections are highlighted, using examples of well-studied virus infections that are associated with these alterations in different populations throughout the world. A better understanding of the molecular, epidemiological and biological characteristics of these infections and in particular of mechanisms that underlie their clinical manifestations may be expected to provide tools for the development of more effective intervention strategies and treatment regimens.

Indexed as

AnimalsCentral Nervous System Viral DiseasesHumansAlphavirusBornavirusBunyavirusCentral nervous systemFlavivirusHerpesvirusInfluenza virusNeuroinfectiologyNeuropathologyParamyxovirusPicornavirusRhabdovirusVirus infection

Identifiers

PMID26659576
PMCPMC4713712
OpenAlexW2195173326

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.