Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26659573›Full record

ArticleScience translational medicine2015

Metastatic status of sentinel lymph nodes in melanoma determined noninvasively with multispectral optoacoustic imaging.

Ingo Stoffels, Stefan Morscher, Iris Helfrich, Uwe Hillen, Julia Leyh, Julia Lehy, Neal C Burton, Thomas C P Sardella, Jing Claussen, Thorsten D Poeppel and 6 more

Erratum issuedAbstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Science translational medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 146 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
146citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
16.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

146 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 298 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Assessment of Breast Tumors Using Multispectral Optoacoustic Tomography in a Surgical Setting.Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine · 2025
    Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Imaging the hallmarks of cancer.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2026
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Optoacoustic muscle imaging.Journal of neuromuscular diseases · 2026
    Review
  9. Optical and Optoacoustic Imaging.Recent results in cancer research. Fortschritte der Krebsforschung. Progres dans les recherches sur le cancer · 2026
    Review
  10. Optical and Photoacoustic Imaging.Recent results in cancer research. Fortschritte der Krebsforschung. Progres dans les recherches sur le cancer · 2026
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Advances in Photoacoustic Imaging of Breast Cancer.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Collection on clinical photoacoustic imaging.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2024
    Article

86 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Ingo StoffelsDepartment of Dermatology, Venerology, and Allergology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany. West German Cancer Center, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany. German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Stefan MorscheriThera Medical GmbH, 81379 München, Germany. Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Technische Universität München, and Helmholtz Center Munich, 85764 München, Germany.
Iris HelfrichDepartment of Dermatology, Venerology, and Allergology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany. West German Cancer Center, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany. German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Uwe HillenDepartment of Dermatology, Venerology, and Allergology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany. West German Cancer Center, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany. German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Julia LeyhDepartment of Dermatology, Venerology, and Allergology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany. West German Cancer Center, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany. German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Julia Lehy
Neal C BurtoniThera Medical GmbH, 81379 München, Germany.
Thomas C P SardellaiThera Medical GmbH, 81379 München, Germany.
Jing ClausseniThera Medical GmbH, 81379 München, Germany.
Thorsten D PoeppelDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany.
Hagen S BachmannInstitute of Pharmacogenetics, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany.
Alexander RoeschDepartment of Dermatology, Venerology, and Allergology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany. West German Cancer Center, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany. German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Klaus GriewankDepartment of Dermatology, Venerology, and Allergology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany. West German Cancer Center, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany. German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Dirk SchadendorfDepartment of Dermatology, Venerology, and Allergology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany. West German Cancer Center, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany. German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Matthias GunzerInstitute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, Imaging Center Essen (IMCES), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany.
Joachim KlodeDepartment of Dermatology, Venerology, and Allergology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany. West German Cancer Center, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany. German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. joachim.klode@uk-essen.de.
German Cancer Research Center · DEiThera Medical (Germany) · DEUniversity of Duisburg-Essen · DEEssen University Hospital · DEHelmholtz Zentrum München · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Sentinel lymph node (SLN) excision is included in various cancer guidelines to identify microscopic metastatic disease. Although effective, SLN excision is an invasive procedure requiring radioactive tracing. Novel imaging approaches assessing SLN metastatic status could improve or replace conventional lymph node excision protocols. In our first-in-human study, we used noninvasive multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) to image SLNs ex vivo and in vivo in patients with melanoma, to determine metastatic status. MSOT significantly improved the tumor metastasis detection rate in excised SLN (506 SLNs from 214 melanoma patients) compared with the conventional EORTC (European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer) Melanoma Group protocol (22.9% versus 14.2%). MSOT combined with the near-infrared fluorophore indocyanine green reliably visualized SLNs in vivo in 20 patients, up to 5-cm penetration and with 100% concordance with (99m)Tc-marked SLN lymphoscintigraphy. MSOT identified cancer-free SLNs in vivo and ex vivo without a single false negative (189 total lymph nodes), with 100% sensitivity and 48 to 62% specificity. Our findings indicate that a noninvasive, nonradioactive MSOT-based approach can identify and determine SLN status and confidently rule out the presence of metastasis. The study further demonstrates that optoacoustic imaging strategies can improve the identification of SLN metastasis as an alternative to current invasive SLN excision protocols.

Indexed as

Diagnostic ImagingCohort StudiesHumansIndocyanine GreenLymphatic MetastasisLymph NodesMelaninsMelanomaPhantoms, ImagingPhotoacoustic TechniquesPreoperative CareIndocyanine GreenMelanins

Identifiers

PMID26659573
OpenAlexW2195933853

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.