ArticlePloS one2015
Role of ACE and PAI-1 Polymorphisms in the Development and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Genetic Polymorphism and Diabetic Retinopathy-A Meta-Analysis Comprising 10,168 Subjects.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2016Pooled it
- Association of genetic variants in the receptor for advanced glycation end products gene with diabetic retinopathy: A meta-analysis.Medicine · 2016Pooled it
- A contemporary review of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 in cardiovascular disease and broader disease state implications.Blood vessels, thrombosis & hemostasis · 2026Review
- Precision Medicine for Diabetic Retinopathy: Integrating Genetics, Biomarkers, Lifestyle, and AI.Genes · 2025Review
- No Association of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Insertion/Deletion (ACE I/D) Gene Polymorphism in the Susceptibility to Diabetic Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: An Updated Meta-Analysis.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Review
- Revisiting Retinal Degeneration Hallmarks: Insights from Molecular Markers and Therapy Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Association of ACE I/D and PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphisms with susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2021Article
- Lack of relationship between Alu repetitive elements in angiotensin converting enzyme and the severity of diabetic retinopathy.Journal of medical biochemistry · 2021Article
- Association of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 4G5G Polymorphism with risk of diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2020Review
- Role of t-PA and PAI-1 variants in temporal lobe epilepsy in Chinese Han population.BMC neurology · 2019Article
- Effect of Repeated Freeze-Thaw on Serum Biomarkers Associated with Eye Disease.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2018Article
- Interaction of renin-angiotensin system gene polymorphisms with hypertension in Chinese patients with type 1 diabetes and retinopathy.Oncotarget · 2018Article
- Candidate gene studies of diabetic retinopathy in human.Molecular biology reports · 2016Review
- The relationship between ACE/AGT gene polymorphisms and the risk of diabetic retinopathy in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes.Journal of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system : JRAASArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In the present study we determined the association of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) gene polymorphisms with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and its sub-clinical classes in Pakistani type 2 diabetic patients. A total of 353 diabetic subjects including 160 DR and 193 diabetic non retinopathy (DNR) as well as 198 healthy controls were genotyped by allele specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for ACE Insertion/Deletion (ID) polymorphism, rs4646994 in intron 16 and PAI-1 4G/5G (deletion/insertion) polymorphism, rs1799768 in promoter region of the gene. To statistically assess the genotype-phenotype association, multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to the genotype data of DR, DNR and control individuals as well as the subtypes of DR. The ACE genotype ID was found to be significantly associated with DR (p = 0.009, odds ratio (OR) 1.870 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.04-3.36]) and its sub-clinical class non-proliferative DR (NPDR) (p = 0.006, OR 2.250 [95% CI = 1.098-4.620]), while PAI polymorphism did not show any association with DR in the current cohort. In conclusion in Pakistani population the ACE ID polymorphism was observed to be significantly associated with DR and NPDR, but not with the severe form of the disease i.e. proliferative DR (PDR).
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.