ArticlePloS one2015
TNF, IL6, and IL1B Polymorphisms Are Associated with Severe Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Infection in the Mexican Population.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review and functional bioinformatics analysis of genes associated with Crohn's disease identify more than 120 related genes.BMC genomics · 2022Pooled it
- C-reactive protein as a biomarker of severe H1N1 influenza.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2019Pooled it
- Human Influenza Virus Infection: A Focus on Key Host Determinants Linked to Clinical Disease Severity.Viruses · 2026Review
- Dual roles for influenza A protein PA-X: limiting inflammatory response and disrupting MHC I antigen presentation in human respiratory epithelium.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Taurolidine inhibits influenza virus infection and prevents influenza-induced cytokine storm, vasoconstriction and lung damage.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2025Article
- High nasopharyngeal and serum IL-6 levels and the - 573G > C polymorphism (rs1800796) are linked with the risk of severe COVID-19 in a Mexican population: a case‒control study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Association of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine polymorphisms with COVID-19 severity in unvaccinated patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Interleukin-1 Beta rs16944 and rs1143634 and Interleukin-6 Receptor rs12083537 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms as Potential Predictors of COVID-19 Severity.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Defining the balance between optimal immunity and immunopathology in influenza virus infection.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2024Review
- Study on Potential Differentially Expressed Genes in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis by Bioinformatics and Next-Generation Sequencing Data Analysis.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Taurolidine improved protection against highly pathogenetic avian influenza H5N1 virus lethal-infection in mouse model by regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway.Virologica Sinica · 2023Article
- Identifying Hub Genes and miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Networks in Mice Infected with H1N1 Influenza Virus.Disease markers · 2023Article
- Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Analysis Reveal Insights into the Molecular Mechanism of Shengma-Gegen Decoction on Monkeypox.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- NFκB1 Polymorphisms Are Associated with Severe Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Infection in a Canadian Population.Microorganisms · 2022Article
- Negative Regulators of Inflammation Response to the Dynamic Expression of Cytokines in DF-1 and MDCK Cells Infected by Avian Influenza Viruses.Inflammation · 2022Article
- Targeting ectromelia virus and TNF/NF-κB or STAT3 signaling for effective treatment of viral pneumonia.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Association between plasma glycocalyx component levels and poor prognosis in severe influenza type A (H1N1).Scientific reports · 2022Observational
- A host-based whole genome sequencing study reveals novel risk loci associated with severity of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 infection.Emerging microbes & infections · 2021Article
- Article
- Macrophage-derived cytokines in pneumonia: Linking cellular immunology and genetics.Cytokine & growth factor reviews · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHypercytokinemia is the main immunopathological mechanism contributing to a more severe clinical course in influenza A (H1N1) virus infections. Most patients infected with the influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 virus had increased systemic levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines; including interleukin IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). We propose that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter regions of pro-inflammatory genes are associated with the severity of influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 virus infection.
methods145 patients with influenza A (H1N1) (pA/H1N1), 133 patients with influenza-like illness (ILI), and 360 asymptomatic healthy contacts (AHCs) were included. Eleven SNPs were genotyped in six genes (TNF, LT, IL1B, IL6, CCL1, and IL8) using real-time PCR; the ancestral genotype was used for comparison. Genotypes were correlated with 27 clinical severity variables. Ten cytokines (GM-CSF, TNF-α, IL-2, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-5, and IL-4) were measured on a Luminex 100.
resultsThe IL6 rs1818879 (GA) heterozygous genotype was associated with severe influenza A (H1N1) virus infection (odds ratio [OR] = 5.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.05-11.56), and two IL1B SNPs, rs16944 AG and rs3136558 TC, were associated with a decreased risk of infection (OR = 0.52 and OR = 0.51, respectively). Genetic susceptibility was determined (pA/H1N1 vs. AHC): the LTA rs909253 TC heterozygous genotype conferred greater risk (OR = 1.9), and a similar association was observed with the IL1B rs3136558 CC genotype (OR = 1.89). Additionally, severely ill patients were compared with moderately ill patients. The TNF-238 GA genotype was associated with an increased risk of disease severity (OR = 16.06, p = 0.007). Compared with ILIs, patients with severe pA/H1N1 infections exhibited increased serum IL-5 (p <0.001) and IL-6 (p = 0.007) levels.
conclusionsThe TNF gene was associated with disease severity, whereas IL1B and IL6 SNPs were associated with influenza A (H1N1) virus infection.
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