Trial reportBritish journal of cancer2015
A phase I/IIa study of adjuvant immunotherapy with tumour antigen-pulsed dendritic cells in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
Trial report in British journal of cancer, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 48 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Radiofrequency Ablation Combined With Highly-purified CTL vs. Radiofrequency Ablation Alone for Recurrent HCC
Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy as Adjuvant Treatment in the Prevention of Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma(HCC): A Prospective Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 109 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and security of tumor vaccines for hepatocellular carcinoma: a systemic review and meta-analysis of the last 2 decades.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Pooled it
- Vaccination with poly(IC:LC) and peptide-pulsed autologous dendritic cells in patients with pancreatic cancer.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2017Trial
- CD86 in Dendritic Cell-Mediated Cancer Immunity: From Maturation Marker to Functional Regulator.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Oncofetal reprogramming in hepatocellular carcinoma: linking developmental programs to cancer vaccines and immunotherapy.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2026Review
- Dendritic Cells: Origin, Classification, Development, Biological Functions, and Therapeutic Potential.MedComm · 2025Review
- Tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells; mechanisms, functional significance, and targeting in cancer therapy.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2025Review
- Harnessing Dendritic Cell Function in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Advances in Immunotherapy and Therapeutic Strategies.Vaccines · 2025Review
- FLT3L combined with GM-CSF induced dendritic cells drive broad tumor-specific CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Immunotherapy targeting liver cancer tumor-initiating cells: challenges, mechanisms, and emerging therapeutic horizons.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Immunomodulatory role of vitamin D and emerging immunotherapies in hepatocellular carcinoma.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- Review
- Review
- Review
- Treatment Options for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Immunotherapy: Present and Future.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2024Review
- Predictors for early recurrence beyond up-to-7 or distant metastasis after hepatocellular carcinoma resection: proposal for borderline resectable HCC.International journal of clinical oncology · 2024Article
- Review
- Immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: Current status and future perspectives.World journal of gastroenterology · 2023Review
- The Role of Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) in Contemporary Oncology: The Path from a Diagnostic Biomarker to an Anticancer Drug.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Clinical-Radiological Characteristic for Predicting Ultra-Early Recurrence After Liver Resection in Solitary Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2023Article
- Dendritic-Cell-Vaccine-Based Immunotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Clinical Trials and Recent Preclinical Studies.Cancers · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTo date, no adjuvant treatment has been shown to have a clear benefit in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this prospective phase I/IIa study, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of adjuvant dendritic cell (DC) therapy in HCC patients who received primary treatment for HCC.
methodsTwelve HCC patients who had no viable tumour after primary treatments were included. Dendritic cell vaccines pulsed with cytoplasmic transduction peptide-attached alpha-fetoprotein, glypican-3 and melanoma-associated antigen 1 recombinant fusion proteins were injected subcutaneously near to inguinal lymph nodes. Adverse effects, time to progression (TTP), and associated immune responses were evaluated after DC vaccination.
resultsNine of 12 patients had no tumour recurrence up to 24 weeks after DC vaccination. Among a total of 144 adverse events, 129 events (89.6%) were regarded as adverse drug reactions, all of which were grade 1 or 2. The majority of patients showed enhanced anti-tumour immune responses after DC vaccination. Recurrence-free patients exhibited relatively stronger anti-tumour immune responses than patients who developed recurrence after DC vaccination, as evidenced by lymphocyte proliferation and IFN-γ ELISPOT assays. The median time of TTP was 36.6 months in the DC-vaccination group and 11.8 months in the control group (hazard ratio, 0.41; 95% confidence interval, 0.18-0.95; P=0.0031 by log-rank test).
conclusionsAdjuvant DC vaccine for HCC was safe and well tolerated in phase I/IIa study, and preliminary efficacy data are encouraging to warrant further clinical study in patients with HCC after primary treatments.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.