ArticleClinical and vaccine immunology : CVI2016
Diagnostic Accuracy of the InBios Scrub Typhus Detect Enzyme-Linked Immunoassay for the Detection of IgM Antibodies in Northern Thailand.
Article in Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03847870 (Background Seroprevalence of Rickettsial Infections in Myanmar), which is not on this map. Cited by 62 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Background Seroprevalence of Rickettsial Infections in Myanmar
Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 100 citations in OpenAlex.
- The validity of diagnostic cut-offs for commercial and in-house scrub typhus IgM and IgG ELISAs: A review of the evidence.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2019Pooled it
- Scrub typhus point-of-care testing: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2018Pooled it
- Imaging in scrub typhus - a pictorial review.Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2026Review
- Neglected rickettsial diseases in Southeast Asia: Twenty-five years of progress in surveillance, diagnostics, and clinical research.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Review
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- Epidemiology and risk factors in a scrub typhus cluster in Odisha, India, 2023: Investigating with a One Health approach.One health outlook · 2026Article
- Article
- Persistence of scrub typhus IgM and IgG antibodies among patients from Karnataka, India.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
- Orientia tsutsugamushi Antibodies in Patients with Eschars and Suspected Tickborne Disease.Emerging infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Diagnostic heterogeneity in scrub typhus serology: A scoping review of IFA thresholds and regional standardisation needs (2005-2024).PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- A comparative study on diagnostic accuracy of rapid card test, IgM ELISA and real time-PCR in detecting scrub typhus infection: a cross-sectional study from tertiary care hospital.Iranian journal of microbiology · 2025Article
- Incidence of Scrub Typhus in Rural South India.The New England journal of medicine · 2025Observational
- Article
- Article
- Etiology of Acute Encephalitis Syndrome in Adults in a Tertiary Care Center in Eastern Uttar Pradesh.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025Article
- Designing a potent multivalent epitope vaccine candidate againstFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- The Ear, the Heart, and the Lung: The Mighty Mite.Cureus · 2025Article
- "Is it time to initiate scrub typhus surveillance in Karnataka?"-Lessons from a seroprevalence survey in a rural district.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2024Article
- Estimating the Seroprevalence of Scrub Typhus in Nepal.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In this study, we examined the diagnostic accuracy of the InBios Scrub Typhus Detect IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and determined the optimal diagnostic optical density (OD) cutoffs for screening and diagnostic applications based on prospectively collected, characterized samples from undifferentiated febrile illness patients in northern Thailand. Direct comparisons with the serological gold standard, indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), revealed strong statistical correlation of ELISA OD values and IFA IgM titers. Determination of the optimal ELISA cutoff for seroepidemiology or screening purposes compared to the corresponding IFA reciprocal titer of 400 as previously described for Thailand was 0.60 OD, which corresponded to a sensitivity (Sn) of 84% and a specificity (Sp) of 98%. The diagnostic performance against the improved and more-stringent scrub typhus infection criteria (STIC), correcting for low false-positive IFA titers, resulted in an Sn of 93% and an Sp of 91% at an ELISA cutoff of 0.5 OD. This diagnostic ELISA cutoff corresponds to IFA reciprocal titers of 1,600 to 3,200, which greatly reduces the false-positive rates associated with low-positive IFA titers. These data are in congruence with the recently improved serodiagnostic positivity criteria using the Bayesian latent class modeling approach. In summary, the InBios Scrub Typhus Detect IgM ELISA is affordable and easy-to-use, with adequate diagnostic accuracy for screening and diagnostic purposes, and should be considered an improved alternative to the gold standard IFA for acute diagnosis. For broader application, regional cutoff validation and antigenic composition for consistent diagnostic accuracy should be considered.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.