ArticleMedical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research2015
Plasma Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) Levels Correlate with Disease Severity in Spastic Diplegia, Triplegia, and Quadriplegia in Children with Cerebral Palsy.
Article in Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Persistent dysregulated inflammation in cerebral palsy: a systematic review.Pediatric research · 2026Pooled it
- Relationship Between TNF-α and the Risk of Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Rapid Improvement in Cerebral Palsy Following Treatment With Perispinal Etanercept: A Case Report.Cureus · 2026Article
- Investigation of multifaceted wound healing effect of exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced from probiotic strain Lactiplantibacillus plantarum GD2 as in vitro and in ovo.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Inflammatory Markers in the Blood of Spastic Cerebral Palsy Children: A Case-Control Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Association Study Between Cytokines and the Risk for Cerebral Palsy.Mediators of inflammation · 2025Article
- Persistent Inflammation in Cerebral Palsy: Pathogenic Mediator or Comorbidity? A Scoping Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Immunological effects of cerebral palsy and rehabilitation exercises in children.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2021Article
- Epigenome-wide analysis in newborn blood spots from monozygotic twins discordant for cerebral palsy reveals consistent regional differences in DNA methylation.Clinical epigenetics · 2018Article
- [Advances in genetic research of cerebral palsy].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory responses in utero and in neonates have been involved in the development of white matter lesions. This study aimed to investigate the role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in spastic cerebral palsy. MATERIAL AND METHODS Plasma TNF-α was measured by ELISA in 54 children with spastic cerebral palsy and 28 aged-matched controls. Both groups were split into age subgroups (1-3 vs. 4-12). Gross motor function and activities of daily living were assessed on enrollment and after 6 months of rehabilitation. RESULTS TNF-α was higher in patients with cerebral palsy than in controls in young (P<0.001) and older subjects (P<0.001). TNF-α levels were comparable in both control subgroups (P=0.819). Younger patients with cerebral palsy had significantly higher TNF-α levels compared with older ones (P<0.001). Pre-rehabilitation TNF-α levels correlated with improvements in activities of daily living after rehabilitation (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Children with cerebral palsy showed higher plasma levels of TNF-α than controls. In addition, pre-treatment TNF-α levels were correlated with the improvements after rehabilitation therapy.
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Registered trials
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