Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26655632›Full record

ArticleMedical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research2015

The BICAMS Battery for Assessment of Lithuanian-Speaking Multiple Sclerosis Patients: Relationship with Age, Education, Disease Disability, and Duration.

Nataša Giedraitienė, Rasa Kizlaitienė, Gintaras Kaubrys

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
4.0field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Review
  3. Neurofilament Light Chain and Disability Measures as Predictors of Cognitive Decline in Early Multiple Sclerosis.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2025
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  19. Validation of the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis in Japan.Multiple sclerosis journal - experimental, translational and clinical
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Nataša GiedraitienėClinic of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Center of Neurology, Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Clinics, Vilnius, Lithuania.
Rasa KizlaitienėClinic of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Center of Neurology, Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Clinics, Vilnius, Lithuania.
Gintaras KaubrysClinic of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Center of Neurology, Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Clinics, Vilnius, Lithuania.
Vilnius University · LT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND Assessment of cognitive impairment (CI) in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients is very useful, but it requires time-consuming expert evaluation with specialized materials. The Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS) was created as a brief and specific instrument for the evaluation of CI. The aims of this study were to assess the cognitive status of MS patients by using the Lithuanian version of BICAMS, to evaluate the test-retest reliability of the Lithuanian version of BICAMS, and to measure the impact of CI on disability and duration of MS. MATERIAL AND METHODS We enrolled 50 MS patients and 20 cognitively normal control subjects, matched for age, gender, and level of education. Cognitive functions were assessed by the BICAMS tests, which include the Symbol Digit Modalities Test, the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test Revised, and the California Verbal Learning Test, 2nd edition. RESULTS MS patients performed significantly worse than controls on the 3 neuropsychological tests of BICAMS (p<0.001). Younger and intellectually employed persons performed significantly better on these tests than older persons, manual workers, or unemployed persons (p<0.05). MS patients with higher disability scores tended to perform worse on the tests (p<0.05), but we found no relationship between BICAMS test scores and the duration of the disease or relapse rate (p>0.05). Test-retest reliability was excellent for all 3 subtests (r>0.8, p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that BICAMS is a valid and acceptable cognitive assessment tool that can be recommended for routine use in Lithuania for assessing patients with MS.

Indexed as

Age FactorsPersons with DisabilitiesAdultCase-Control StudiesFemaleHumansLithuaniaMaleMiddle AgedMultiple Sclerosis

Identifiers

PMID26655632
PMCPMC4678925
OpenAlexW2194179539

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.