ArticleAutophagy2016
Analysis of the role of autophagy inhibition by two complementary human cytomegalovirus BECN1/Beclin 1-binding proteins.
Article in Autophagy, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 99 citations in OpenAlex.
- Herpesviruses and autophagy: An intracellular conflict.Virulence · 2026Review
- Ubiquitination and autophagy in host-pathogen interactions: from immune surveillance to therapeutic targeting.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- A System-Level Perspective on Epstein-Barr Virus Persistence: The Partial Lytic Reactivation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The molecular mechanisms of autophagy-virus interactions: from antiviral defense to viral counterstrategies.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2026Review
- Autophagy machinery as exploited by viruses.Autophagy reports · 2025Article
- Mammalian innate antiviral defenses: beyond interferon.Journal of virology · 2025Review
- cGAS-STING signaling: a therapeutic target in inflammatory bowel disease and related colorectal cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Acute COVID-19 and LongCOVID syndrome - molecular implications for therapeutic strategies - review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Human cytomegalovirus: pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment.Molecular biomedicine · 2024Review
- Is Autophagy a Friend or Foe in SARS-CoV-2 Infection?Viruses · 2024Review
- The battle between host antiviral innate immunity and immune evasion by cytomegalovirus.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Review
- Co-infection of Four Novel Mycoviruses from Three Lineages Confers Hypovirulence on Phytopathogenic Fungus Ustilaginoidea virens.Rice (New York, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- Neurotropic virus infection and neurodegenerative diseases: Potential roles of autophagy pathway.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024Review
- Viruses and autophagy: bend, but don't break.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2024Review
- The relationship between autophagy and respiratory viruses.Archives of microbiology · 2024Review
- Protein Quality Control Systems and ER Stress as Key Players in SARS-CoV-2-Induced Neurodegeneration.Cells · 2024Review
- Human virome profiling identified CMV as the major viral driver of a high accumulation of senescent CD8Science advances · 2023Article
- Autophagy induced by human adenovirus B7 structural protein VI inhibits viral replication.Virologica Sinica · 2023Article
- Autophagy and Inflammation: Regulatory Roles in Viral Infections.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- NDV-induced autophagy enhances inflammation through NLRP3/Caspase-1 inflammasomes and the p38/MAPK pathway.Veterinary research · 2023Article
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 8 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Autophagy is activated early after human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection but, later on, the virus blocks autophagy. Here we characterized 2 HCMV proteins, TRS1 and IRS1, which inhibit autophagy during infection. Expression of either TRS1 or IRS1 was able to block autophagy in different cell lines, independently of the EIF2S1 kinase, EIF2AK2/PKR. Instead, TRS1 and IRS1 interacted with the autophagy protein BECN1/Beclin 1. We mapped the BECN1-binding domain (BBD) of IRS1 and TRS1 and found it to be essential for autophagy inhibition. Mutant viruses that express only IRS1 or TRS1 partially controlled autophagy, whereas a double mutant virus expressing neither protein stimulated autophagy. A mutant virus that did not express IRS1 and expressed a truncated form of TRS1 in which the BBD was deleted, failed to control autophagy. However, this mutant virus had similar replication kinetics as wild-type virus, suggesting that autophagy inhibition is not critical for viral replication. In fact, using pharmacological modulators of autophagy and inhibition of autophagy by shRNA knockdown, we discovered that stimulating autophagy enhanced viral replication. Conversely, inhibiting autophagy decreased HCMV infection. Thus, our results demonstrate a new proviral role of autophagy for a DNA virus.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.