Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26654129›Full record

Trial reportMolecular oncology2016

Cripto: Expression, epigenetic regulation and potential diagnostic use in testicular germ cell tumors.

Cassy M Spiller, Ad J M Gillis, Guillaume Burnet, Hans Stoop, Peter Koopman, Josephine Bowles, Leendert H J Looijenga

Open access · hybridAbstract readClinical Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Molecular oncology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
3.8field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Epigenetic Regulation of Driver Genes in Testicular Tumorigenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
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  15. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Cassy M SpillerDivision of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
Ad J M GillisDepartment of Pathology, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015, The Netherlands.
Guillaume BurnetDivision of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; Departement de Biologie, Ecole Normale Superieure de Cachan, Cachan, France.
Hans StoopDepartment of Pathology, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015, The Netherlands.
Peter KoopmanDivision of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
Josephine BowlesDivision of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
Leendert H J LooijengaDepartment of Pathology, Erasmus MC - University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015, The Netherlands. Electronic address: l.looijenga@erasmusmc.nl.
Erasmus MC · NLUniversity of Queensland · AUÉcole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay · FR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Type II germ cell tumors arise after puberty from a germ cell that was incorrectly programmed during fetal life. Failure of testicular germ cells to properly differentiate can lead to the formation of germ cell neoplasia in situ of the testis; this precursor cell invariably gives rise to germ cell cancer after puberty. The Nodal co-receptor Cripto is expressed transiently during normal germ cell development and is ectopically expressed in non-seminomas that arise from germ cell neoplasia in situ, suggesting that its aberrant expression may underlie germ cell dysregulation and hence germ cell cancer. Here we investigated methylation of the Cripto promoter in mouse germ cells and human germ cell cancer and correlated this with the level of CRIPTO protein expression. We found hypomethylation of the CRIPTO promoter in undifferentiated fetal germ cells, embryonal carcinoma and seminomas, but hypermethylation in differentiated fetal germ cells and the differentiated types of non-seminomas. CRIPTO protein was strongly expressed in germ cell neoplasia in situ along with embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor and seminomas. Further, cleaved CRIPTO was detected in media from seminoma and embryonal carcinoma cell lines, suggesting that cleaved CRIPTO may provide diagnostic indication of germ cell cancer. Accordingly, CRIPTO was detectable in serum from 6/15 patients with embryonal carcinoma, 5/15 patients with seminoma, 4/5 patients with germ cell neoplasia in situ cells only and in 1/15 control patients. These findings suggest that CRIPTO expression may be a useful serological marker for diagnostic and/or prognostic purposes during germ cell cancer management.

Indexed as

Carcinoma, EmbryonalEpidermal Growth FactorEpigenesis, GeneticGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticGPI-Linked ProteinsIntercellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsMembrane GlycoproteinsNeoplasm ProteinsTesticular NeoplasmsAnimalsHumansMaleMiceMice, TransgenicEpidermal Growth FactorGPI-Linked ProteinsIntercellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsMembrane GlycoproteinsNeoplasm ProteinsTDGF1 protein, humanTdgf1 protein, mouseCriptoDiagnosticMethylationTesticular germ cell cancer

Identifiers

PMID26654129
PMCPMC5423140
OpenAlexW2175830663

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.