Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26654102›Full record

ArticleAnnals of epidemiology2016

Spatial distribution of individuals with symptoms of depression in a periurban area in Lima: an example from Peru.

Paulo Ruiz-Grosso, J Jaime Miranda, Robert H Gilman, Blake Byron Walker, Gabriel Carrasco-Escobar, Marco Varela-Gaona, Francisco Diez-Canseco, Luis Huicho, William Checkley, Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz and 1 more

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Article in Annals of epidemiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Paulo Ruiz-GrossoCRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Mental Health Working Group, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
J Jaime MirandaCRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. Electronic address: Jaime.Miranda@upch.pe.
Robert H GilmanCRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; International Health Department, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Área de Investigación y Desarrollo, Asociación Benéfica PRISMA, Lima, Peru.
Blake Byron WalkerGIS and Health Informatics Laboratory, Department of Geography, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.
Gabriel Carrasco-EscobarCRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; School of Public Health and Administration, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
Marco Varela-GaonaCRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
Francisco Diez-CansecoCRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
Luis HuichoCRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Department of Pediatrics, Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño, Lima, Peru; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru.
William CheckleyCRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; International Health Department, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Área de Investigación y Desarrollo, Asociación Benéfica PRISMA, Lima, Peru; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
Antonio Bernabe-OrtizCRONICAS Centre of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; School of Public Health and Administration, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
CRONICAS Cohort Study Group

Funding

Implementation of foot thermometry and SMS to prevent diabetic foot ulcerR21TW009982 · FIC · UNIVERSIDAD PERUANA CAYETANO HEREDIA · PI MIRANDA, J JAIME · 2014 to 2015
$329k
FIC NIH HHS R21 TW009982Medical Research Council MR/K007467/1NHLBI NIH HHS HHSN268200900033CNHLBI NIH HHS HHSN 268200900033C-1-0-1Wellcome Trust 103994/Z/14/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo map the geographical distribution and spatial clustering of depressive symptoms cases in an area of Lima, Peru.

methodsPresence of depressive symptoms suggesting a major depressive episode was assessed using a short version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Data were obtained from a census conducted in 2010. One participant per selected household (aged 18 years and above, living more than 6 months in the area) was included. Residence latitude, longitude, and elevation were captured using a GPS device. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was estimated, and relative risks (RRs) were calculated to identify areas of significantly higher and lower geographical concentrations of depressive symptoms.

resultsData from 7946 participants, 28.3% male, mean age 39.4 (SD, 13.9) years, were analyzed. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 17.0% (95% confidence interval = 16.2%-17.8%). Three clusters with high prevalence of depressive symptoms (primary cluster: RR = 1.82; P = .003 and secondary: RR = 2.83; P = .004 and RR = 5.92; P = .01), and two clusters with significantly low prevalence (primary: RR = 0.23; P = .016 and secondary: RR = 0; P = .035), were identified. Further adjustment by potential confounders confirmed the high prevalence clusters but also identified newer ones.

conclusionsScreening strategies for depression, in combination with mapping techniques, may be useful tools to target interventions in resource-limited areas.

Indexed as

AdultAltitudeDepressionFemaleHumansMajor Depressive DisorderMaleMiddle AgedPeruPrevalenceResidence CharacteristicsRisk FactorsSocioeconomic FactorsSpatial AnalysisDepressionHotspotMental healthPeruSpatial clustering

Identifiers

PMID26654102
PMCPMC4792677

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.