ArticleMicrobiome2015
Relative and contextual contribution of different sources to the composition and abundance of indoor air bacteria in residences.
Article in Microbiome, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Global Meta-analysis of Airborne Bacterial Communities and Associations with Anthropogenic Activities.Environmental science & technology · 2022Pooled it
- Adaxial-abaxial leaf surface asymmetry is a key ecological driver of the phyllosphere microbiome.Journal of experimental botany · 2026Article
- Unveiling microbial risks in Chinese household dust: a comprehensive analysis from absolute abundance to virulence unit.Microbiome · 2026Article
- Temperature-dependent microbial dynamics in touchless sensor faucets during short-term stagnation.Environmental science and ecotechnology · 2025Article
- Cooking-Derived Organic Compounds Shape Bacterial Communities on Household Surfaces.Environmental science & technology · 2025Article
- A HoLDI mass spectrometry platform for airborne nanoplastic detection.Communications chemistry · 2025Article
- Microbial landscape of Indian homes: the microbial diversity, pathogens and antimicrobial resistome in urban residential spaces.Environmental microbiome · 2025Article
- Temporal changes in the size resolved fractions of bacterial aerosols in urban and semi-urban residences.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Environmental factors and particle size shape the community structure of airborne total and pathogenic bacteria in a university campus.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Airborne bacteria in institutional and commercial buildings in Korea: characterization with 16S rRNA gene sequencing and association with environmental conditions.Aerosol science and technology : the journal of the American Association for Aerosol Research · 2024Article
- Who inhabits the built environment? A microbiological point of view on the principal bacteria colonizing our urban areas.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Review
- Work in nursing homes and occupational exposure to endotoxin and bacterial and fungal species.Annals of work exposures and health · 2023Article
- Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Aerosols: Baseline from Kuwait.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Airborne antibiotic resistome and human health risk in railway stations during COVID-19 pandemic.Environment international · 2023Article
- A comprehensive review of microbial contamination in the indoor environment: sources, sampling, health risks, and mitigation strategies.Frontiers in public health · 2023Review
- Assessment of microbial contamination in laser materials processing laboratories used for prototyping of biomedical devices.Access microbiology · 2023Article
- Indoor bacterial and fungal aerosols as predictors of lower respiratory tract infections among under-five children in Ibadan, Nigeria.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2022Article
- Article
- Presence and variability of culturable bioaerosols in three multi-family apartment buildings with different ventilation systems in the Northeastern US.Indoor air · 2021Article
- Airborne Bacterial Community Composition According to Their Origin in Tenerife, Canary Islands.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe study of the microbial communities in the built environment is of critical importance as humans spend the majority of their time indoors. While the microorganisms in living spaces, especially those in the air, can impact health and well-being, little is known of their identity and the processes that determine their assembly. We investigated the source-sink relationships of airborne bacteria in 29 homes in the San Francisco Bay Area. Samples taken in the sites expected to be source habitats for indoor air microbes were analyzed by 16S rRNA-based pyrosequencing and quantitative PCR. The community composition was related to the characteristics of the household collected at the time of sampling, including the number of residents and pets, activity levels, frequency of cooking and vacuum cleaning, extent of natural ventilation, and abundance and type of vegetation surrounding the building.
resultsIndoor air harbored a diverse bacterial community dominated by Diaphorobacter sp., Propionibacterium sp., Sphingomonas sp., and Alicyclobacillus sp. Source-sink analysis suggested that outdoor air was the primary source of indoor air microbes in most homes. Bacterial phylogenetic diversity and relative abundance in indoor air did not differ statistically from that in outdoor air. Moreover, the abundance of bacteria in outdoor air was positively correlated with that in indoor air, as would be expected if outdoor air was the main contributor to the bacterial community in indoor bioaerosols. The number of residents, presence of pets, and local tap water also influenced the diversity and size of indoor air microbes. The bacterial load in air increased with the number of residents, activity, and frequency of natural ventilation, and the proportion of bacteria putatively derived from skin increased with the number of residents. Vacuum cleaning increased the signature of pet- and floor-derived bacteria in indoor air, while the frequency of natural ventilation decreased the relative abundance of tap water-derived microorganisms in air.
conclusionsIndoor air in residences harbors a diverse bacterial community originating from both outdoor and indoor sources and is strongly influenced by household characteristics.
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