Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26652115›Full record

ReviewClinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology2016

A technical guide to tDCS, and related non-invasive brain stimulation tools.

A J Woods, A Antal, M Bikson, P S Boggio, A R Brunoni, P Celnik, L G Cohen, F Fregni, C S Herrmann, E S Kappenman and 10 more

8 registry-linked trialsAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 8 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 668 papers, 22 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
668citing papers in PubMed, 22 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04000269 nawithdrawnnot on this mapstarted 2020, after this paper: background citation

Pilot Study Using Targeted High Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation to Promote Upper Extremity Motor Function in Patients With Subacute Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA) Stroke

TypeinterventionalSponsorMilton S. Hershey Medical CenterRan2020 to 2022Enrolled0ConditionsMiddle Cerebral Artery StrokeArmsSoterix MxN Neuromodulation device, Sham Stimulation
NCT04963803 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2021, after this paper: background citation

Improving Aphasia Outcomes Through tDCS-Mediated Attention Management

TypeinterventionalSponsorSyracuse UniversityRan2021 to 2024Enrolled23ConditionsStroke, AphasiaArmsActive transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), Sham transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), Language Specific Attention Treatment
NCT05099406 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Brain and Pain (BaP): Understanding the Central Mechanisms of Pain to Improve Management of Patients With Refractory Chronic Pain

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of Santiago de CompostelaRan2022 to 2023Enrolled120ConditionsChronic PainArmsTranscranial electrical stimulation
NCT05248178 naterminatednot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Pilot Testing of tDCS and Metacognitive Strategy Training in Chronic Stroke

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of Missouri-ColumbiaRan2022 to 2025Enrolled11ConditionsChronic StrokeArmsCO-OP Procedures, tDCS, Computer Cognitive Training Procedures, sham tDCS group
NCT06267222 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

Trans-spinal Electrical Stimulation in Individuals With Spinocerebellar Ataxia: a Pragmatic Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorLaura Alice Santos de OliveiraRan2024 to 2024Enrolled45ConditionsSCA, Postural Balance, Gait AtaxiaArmsTRANSCRANIAL DIRECT CURRENT STIMULATION + exercises
NCT06349369 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

Effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on Inflammatory Biomarkers in Chronic Schizophrenia: A Randomised Double-Blind Controlled Trial.

TypeinterventionalSponsorAll India Institute of Medical Sciences, BhubaneswarRan2024 to 2026Enrolled60ConditionsChronic SchizophreniaArmstranscranial direct current stimulation
NCT07332169 nanot yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

The Efficacy of Non-invasive Brain Stimulation on Cognitive Functions in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Double-Blinded Randomised Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorShahad Abdulrahman AlkandariRan2026 to 2028Enrolled24ConditionsCOPD, COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease), Cognitive Impairment (CI), Non-invasive Brain StimulationArmsNon-invasive brain stimulation, Sham Non-Invasive brain stimulation
NCT07410104 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Impact of Non-Invasive Neuromodulation on Social Media Addiction

TypeinterventionalSponsorEgas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRLRan2026 to 2026Enrolled60ConditionsSocial Media Addiction, Craving to Use Social Media, Craving, Internet AddictionArmsTranscranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS), Sham Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (Sham tDCS)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

668 citing papers in PubMed, 22 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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608 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

A J WoodsCenter for Cognitive Aging and Memory, Institute on Aging, McKnight Brain Institute, Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. Electronic address: ajwoods@ufl.edu.
A AntalUniversity Medical Center, Dept. Clinical Neurophysiology, Georg-August-University, Goettingen, Germany.
M BiksonDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, USA.
P S BoggioSocial and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory and Developmental Disorders Program, Center for Health and Biological Science, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
A R BrunoniService of Interdisciplinary Neuromodulation, Department and Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
P CelnikDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, Baltimore, MD, USA.
L G CohenHuman Cortical Physiology and Neurorehabilitation Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
F FregniLaboratory of Neuromodulation, Center for Clinical Research Learning, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard University, USA.
C S HerrmannExperimental Psychology Lab, Center of excellence Hearing4all, Department for Psychology, Faculty for Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Ammerländer Heerstr, Oldenburg, Germany.
E S KappenmanCenter for Mind & Brain and Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
H KnotkovaMJHS Institute for Innovation in Palliative Care, New York, NY, USA.
D LiebetanzUniversity Medical Center, Dept. Clinical Neurophysiology, Georg-August-University, Goettingen, Germany.
C MiniussiNeuroscience Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia & Cognitive Neuroscience Section, IRCCS Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.
P C MirandaInstitute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering (IBEB), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
W PaulusUniversity Medical Center, Dept. Clinical Neurophysiology, Georg-August-University, Goettingen, Germany.
A PrioriDirettore Clinica Neurologica III, Università degli Studi di Milano, Ospedale San Paolo, Milan, Italy.
D ReatoDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, USA.
C StaggCentre for Functional MRI of the Brain (FMRIB) Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity (OHBA), Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
N WenderothNeural Control of Movement Lab, Dept. Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Switzerland.
M A NitscheUniversity Medical Center, Dept. Clinical Neurophysiology, Georg-August-University, Goettingen, Germany; Leibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany; Department of Neurology, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany.

Funding

Using social networks to map and evaluate team science across CTSA hubsUL1TR001427 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA · PI MITCHELL, DUANE A. · 2015 to 2024
$37.2M
University of Florida Older Americans Independence Center (OAIC)P30AG028740 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA · PI CHRISTIAAN LEEUWENBURGH · 2007 to 2026
$22.8M
UF Clinical and Translational Science AwardUL1TR000064 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA · PI NELSON, DAVID R · 2012 to 2014
$12.2M
Together: Transforming and Translating Discovery to Improve HealthKL2TR001429 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA · PI GUIRGIS, FAHEEM W, LEEUWENBURGH, CHRISTIAAN · 2015 to 2023
$5.5M
UF Clinical and Translational Science AwardKL2TR000065 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA · PI NELSON, DAVID R · 2012 to 2014
$1.6M
NCATS NIH HHS KL2 TR000065NCATS NIH HHS KL2 TR001429NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000064NCATS NIH HHS UL1TR000064NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001427NIA NIH HHS L30 AG051178NIA NIH HHS P30 AG028740Wellcome Trust 102584
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES), including transcranial direct and alternating current stimulation (tDCS, tACS) are non-invasive brain stimulation techniques increasingly used for modulation of central nervous system excitability in humans. Here we address methodological issues required for tES application. This review covers technical aspects of tES, as well as applications like exploration of brain physiology, modelling approaches, tES in cognitive neurosciences, and interventional approaches. It aims to help the reader to appropriately design and conduct studies involving these brain stimulation techniques, understand limitations and avoid shortcomings, which might hamper the scientific rigor and potential applications in the clinical domain.

Indexed as

BrainCognitionHumansTranscranial Direct Current StimulationDesignMethodology reviewSafetyTechnical guideTranscranial alternating current stimulation (tACS)Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES)Transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS)

Identifiers

PMID26652115
PMCPMC4747791

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

and 2 more above

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.