SynthesisVirology journal2015
Prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with influenza, clinical significance, and pathophysiology of human influenza viruses in faecal samples: what do we know?
Synthesis in Virology journal, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 80 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
80 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 125 citations in OpenAlex.
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Injections Combined With Oseltamivir for Influenza: Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Liu-zi-jue exercise on coronavirus disease 2019 in the patients: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of traditional Chinese medicine = Chung i tsa chih ying wen pan · 2022Trial
- Clinical Characteristics and Predictors of Disease Progression in Severe Patients with COVID-19 Infection in Jiangsu Province, China: A Descriptive Study.The American journal of the medical sciences · 2020Trial
- Gene expression patterns associated with influenza A and type I hypersensitivity in childhood appendicitis.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2026Article
- Community-level wastewater influenza concentrations and school attendance in Jefferson County, Kentucky (2022-2025).Journal of water and health · 2026Article
- Gut Microbiota and Probiotics in Influenza: A Narrative Review of Mechanisms and Emerging Evidence.Viruses · 2026Review
- Multimodal genomic surveillance for respiratory pathogens at four U.S. international airports: A comparison of air, wastewater, clinical, and national surveillance data.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Risk of infection of dairy cattle in the EU with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus affecting dairy cows in the United States of America (H5N1, Eurasian lineage goose/Guangdong clade 2.3.4.4b. genotype B3.13).EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2025Article
- When Influenza Masquerades as Gastroenteritis: Acute Diarrhea in an Adult With Influenza B.Cureus · 2025Article
- Deliberating the scientific evidence base for influenza transmission to raw milk consumers.Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis · 2025Review
- Review
- Gastrointestinal Infiltration in Influenza Virus Infection: Mechanisms and Clinical Insights.Viruses · 2025Review
- Class-acquired influenza is more severe than non-class-acquired influenza: a survey for multi-school teachers.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Role of gut microbiome in pathogenesis and treatment of diseases: Multidisciplinary experts' opinion of the Asian Medical Experts Academy (AMEA).Gut microbes reports · 2025Review
- Influenza A virus during pregnancy disrupts maternal intestinal immunity and fetal cortical development in a dose- and time-dependent manner.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Gut microbiota and viral respiratory infections: microbial alterations, immune modulation, and impact on disease severity: a narrative review.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Viral metagenomics reveals diverse viruses in the fecal samples of children with acute respiratory infection.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- New-onset gastrointestinal disorders in COVID-19 patients 3.5 years post-infection in the inner-city population in the Bronx.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Influenza virus infection and aerosol shedding kinetics in a controlled human infection model.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Observational
20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This review provides for the first time an assessment of the current understanding about the occurrence and the clinical significance of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in influenza patients, and their correlation with the presence of human influenza viruses in stools of patients with confirmed influenza virus infection. Studies exploring how human influenza viruses spread to the patient's GI tract after a primary respiratory infection have been summarized. We conducted a systematic search of published peer-reviewed literature up to June 2015 with regard to the above-mentioned aspects, focusing on human influenza viruses (A(H1N1), A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2), and B). Forty-four studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of any digestive symptoms ranged from 30.9% (95% CI, 9.8 to 57.5; I(2) = 97.5%) for A(H1N1)pdm09 to 2.8% (95% CI, 0.6 to 6.5; I(2) = 75.4%) for A(H1N1). The pooled prevalence of influenza viruses in stool was 20.6% (95% CI, 8.9 to 35.5; I(2) = 96.8%), but their correlation with GI symptoms has rarely been explored. The presence of viral RNA in stools because of haematogenous dissemination to organs via infected lymphocytes is likely, but the potential to cause direct intestinal infection and faecal-oral transmission warrants further investigation. This review highlights the gaps in our knowledge, and the high degree of uncertainty about the prevalence and significance of GI symptoms in patients with influenza and their correlation with viral RNA positivity in stool because of the high level of heterogeneity among studies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.