Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26649486›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of respiratory and critical care medicine2016

IFN-γ-Producing T-Helper 17.1 Cells Are Increased in Sarcoidosis and Are More Prevalent than T-Helper Type 1 Cells.

Joris Ramstein, Caroline E Broos, Laura J Simpson, K Mark Ansel, Sara A Sun, Melissa E Ho, Prescott G Woodruff, Nirav R Bhakta, Laura Christian, Christine P Nguyen and 6 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 128 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
128citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
9.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

128 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 260 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Guideline
  2. Trial
  3. Review
  4. Specific Biomarkers Involved in Sarcoidosis Diagnosis and Prognosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. HLA-DRRespiratory research · 2026
    Article
  7. Review
  8. Metabolomic signaling in sarcoidosis pathogenesis.Current opinion in immunology · 2026
    Review
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Immunopathogenesis of Sarcoidosis.Seminars in respiratory and critical care medicine · 2025
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Americas Association of Sarcoidosis and other granulomatous disorders 2024 conference highlights.Sarcoidosis, vasculitis, and diffuse lung diseases : official journal of WASOG · 2025
    Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article

68 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Joris Ramstein1 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine.
Caroline E Broos4 Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California; and.
Laura J Simpson3 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and.
K Mark Ansel3 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and.
Sara A Sun1 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine.
Melissa E Ho1 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine.
Prescott G Woodruff1 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine.
Nirav R Bhakta1 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine.
Laura Christian3 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and.
Christine P Nguyen1 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine.
Bobby J Antalek1 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine.
Bryan S Benn1 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine.
Rudi W Hendriks4 Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California; and.
Bernt van den Blink4 Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California; and.
Mirjam Kool4 Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California; and.
Laura L Koth1 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine.ORCID 0000-0001-9541-3622
Pulmonary and Critical Care Associates · USUniversity of California, San Francisco · USErasmus MC · NL

Funding

MUTIDISCIPLINARY TRAINING PROGRAM IN LUNG DISEASEST32HL007185 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI David J Erle, LAURENCE HUANG · 1985 to 2026
$24.6M
Role of miRNAs in Th2-Driven inflammation in AsthmaP01HL107202 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI FAHY, JOHN V · 2012 to 2023
$23.3M
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGYT32AI007334 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI CYSTER, JASON G · 1988 to 2023
$11.0M
Role of miRNAs in Th2-Driven inflammation in AsthmaR01HL109102 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Karl Mark Ansel · 2011 to 2026
$5.5M
Translational research on the role of IL-17 cytokines in severe asthmaK23HL116657 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI BHAKTA, NIRAV RATI · 2014 to 2018
$782k
Genomic Phenotyping and Mechanisms in sarcoidosis and AATU01HL112696 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI GARCIA, JOE G. N., KOTH, LAURA L · 2012 to 2014
$470k
NHLBI NIH HHS K23 HL116657NHLBI NIH HHS P01 HL107202NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL109102NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL007185NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL112696NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI007334
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

rationalePulmonary sarcoidosis is classically defined by T-helper (Th) cell type 1 inflammation (e.g., IFN-γ production by CD4(+) effector T cells). Recently, IL-17A-secreting cells have been found in lung lavage, invoking Th17 immunity in sarcoidosis. Studies also identified IL-17A-secreting cells that expressed IFN-γ, but their abundance as a percentage of total CD4(+) cells was either low or undetermined.

objectivesBased on evidence that Th17 cells can be polarized to Th17.1 cells to produce only IFN-γ, our goal was to determine whether Th17.1 cells are a prominent source of IFN-γ in sarcoidosis.

methodsWe developed a single-cell approach to define and isolate major Th-cell subsets using combinations of chemokine receptors and fluorescence-activated cell sorting. We subsequently confirmed the accuracy of subset enrichment by measuring cytokine production. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN

resultsDiscrimination between Th17 and Th17.1 cells revealed very high percentages of Th17.1 cells in lung lavage in sarcoidosis compared with controls in two separate cohorts. No differences in Th17 or Th1 lavage cells were found compared with controls. Lung lavage Th17.1-cell percentages were also higher than Th1-cell percentages, and approximately 60% of Th17.1-enriched cells produced only IFN-γ.

conclusionsCombined use of surface markers and functional assays to study CD4(+) T cells in sarcoidosis revealed a marked expansion of Th17.1 cells that only produce IFN-γ. These results suggest that Th17.1 cells could be misclassified as Th1 cells and may be the predominant producer of IFN-γ in pulmonary sarcoidosis, challenging the Th1 paradigm of pathogenesis.

Indexed as

AdultAgedBronchoalveolar Lavage FluidFemaleFlow CytometryHumansInterferon-gammaMaleMiddle AgedSarcoidosis, PulmonaryTh17 CellsTh1 CellsInterferon-gammachemokine receptorinflammationlymphocyte

Identifiers

PMID26649486
PMCPMC4910899
OpenAlexW2191026300

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.