Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26649430›Full record

ArticlePloS one2015

Detection of BRAF Mutation in Urine DNA as a Molecular Diagnostic for Canine Urothelial and Prostatic Carcinoma.

Hiroyuki Mochizuki, Susan G Shapiro, Matthew Breen

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
73citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

73 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 167 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. A Comparative Meta-Analysis andFrontiers in veterinary science · 2020
    Pooled it
  2. Attomolar Detection of HIV-1 With Label-Free RCA-rCRISPR on Smartphone.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Incorporating Hypofractionated Radiotherapy Improves Management of Canine Urothelial Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study.Veterinary radiology & ultrasound : the official journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. BRAFVeterinary research communications · 2026
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Outcomes of total cystectomy with medical treatment in canine urothelial carcinoma of the bladder trigone.The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne · 2025
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Expression of MutatedVeterinary sciences · 2024
    Article

13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Hiroyuki MochizukiDepartment of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America.
Susan G ShapiroDepartment of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America.
Matthew BreenDepartment of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America.
North Carolina State University · USUNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center

Funding

Interdisciplinary Biomedical Research Training ProgramT35OD011070 · OD · NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY RALEIGH · PI Ronald Hak Long Li · 2012 to 2026
$1.1M
Interdisciplinary Biomedical Research Training ProgramT35RR025837 · NCRR · NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY RALEIGH · PI JONES, SAMUEL L · 2009 to 2011
$103k
NCRR NIH HHS T35 RR025837NIH HHS T35 OD011070
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the lower urinary tract and prostatic carcinoma (PC) are aggressive genitourinary cancers in dogs, characterized by invasion to surrounding tissues and high metastatic potential. Current diagnosis of canine UC and PC requires histopathological examination of a biopsy. Such specimens require specialized medical equipment and are invasive procedures, limiting the availability of diagnosis by histopathology for many canine patients. Access to a non-invasive means to confirm diagnosis is currently an unmet need. Recently, the canine BRAF V595E mutation was detected in ~80% of canine UCs and PCs. In this study, we developed a droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assay for detection of the canine BRAF V595E mutation in canine urogenital tumors. The assay was evaluated in DNA samples prepared from biopsy specimens of UC (n = 48) and PC (n = 27), as well and non-neoplastic bladder epithelium (n = 38). In addition the assay was assessed for use with DNA isolated from free catch urine samples derived from canine patients with UC (n = 23), PC (n = 3), as well as from dogs with cystitis and healthy controls (n = 37). In all cases the sensitivity to detect the mutant allele was compared with conventional Sanger sequencing. ddPCR had superior sensitivity for detection of the V595E mutation: 75% of UC, 85% of PC, and 0% of control samples were mutation positive, respectively, and the V595E mutation was detected at a level as low as just 1 in 10,000 alleles (~0.01%). Furthermore, the ddPCR assay identified the mutation in free catch urine samples from 83% of canine UC and PC patients, demonstrating its utility as a non-invasive means of diagnosis. We have shown that ddPCR is a sensitive molecular technique with the potential to facilitate accurate and non-invasive means of canine UC and PC diagnosis.

Indexed as

AnimalsBiomarkers, TumorDNADogsMaleMutationPolymerase Chain ReactionProstatic NeoplasmsProto-Oncogene Proteins B-rafUrinary Bladder NeoplasmsBiomarkers, TumorDNAProto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf

Identifiers

PMID26649430
PMCPMC4674145
OpenAlexW2195692730

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.