ArticleScientific reports2015
Energetics of Endotoxin Recognition in the Toll-Like Receptor 4 Innate Immune Response.
Article in Scientific reports, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bioactive Properties of Enzymatically Hydrolyzed Mulberry Leaf Proteins: Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Exploring Species-Specificity in TLR4/MD-2 Inhibition with Amphiphilic Lipid A Mimicking Glycolipids.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Lipid A Mimetics Based on Unnatural Disaccharide Scaffold as Potent TLR4 Agonists for Prospective Immunotherapeutics and Adjuvants.Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2022Article
- Tailored Modulation of Cellular Pro-inflammatory Responses With Disaccharide Lipid A Mimetics.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Structural basis for endotoxin neutralisation and anti-inflammatory activity of thrombin-derived C-terminal peptides.Nature communications · 2018Article
- A lipid A-based TLR4 mimetic effectively adjuvants a Yersinia pestis rF-V1 subunit vaccine in a murine challenge model.Vaccine · 2018Article
- Dissecting the Innate Immune Recognition of Opioid Inactive Isomer (+)-Naltrexone Derived Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4) Antagonists.Journal of chemical information and modeling · 2018Article
- Atomistic Scale Effects of Lipopolysaccharide Modifications on Bacterial Outer Membrane Defenses.Biophysical journal · 2018Article
- Article
- Article
- A structural insight into the negative effects of opioids in analgesia by modulating the TLR4 signaling: An in silico approach.Scientific reports · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Bacterial outer membrane lipopolysaccharide (LPS) potently stimulates the mammalian innate immune system, and can lead to sepsis, the primary cause of death from infections. LPS is sensed by Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in complex with its lipid-binding coreceptor MD-2, but subtle structural variations in LPS can profoundly modulate the response. To better understand the mechanism of LPS-induced stimulation and bacterial evasion, we have calculated the binding affinity to MD-2 of agonistic and antagonistic LPS variants including lipid A, lipid IVa, and synthetic antagonist Eritoran, and provide evidence that the coreceptor is a molecular switch that undergoes ligand-induced conformational changes to appropriately activate or inhibit the receptor complex. The plasticity of the coreceptor binding cavity is shown to be essential for distinguishing between ligands, whilst similar calculations for a model bacterial LPS bilayer reveal the "membrane-like" nature of the protein cavity. The ability to predict the activity of LPS variants should facilitate the rational design of TLR4 therapeutics.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.