Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26647082›Full record

ArticleCirculation2016

Frequency and Predictors of Internal Mammary Artery Graft Failure and Subsequent Clinical Outcomes: Insights From the Project of Ex-vivo Vein Graft Engineering via Transfection (PREVENT) IV Trial.

Ralf E Harskamp, John H Alexander, T Bruce Ferguson, Rebecca Hager, Michael J Mack, Brian Englum, Daniel Wojdyla, Phillip J Schulte, Nicholas T Kouchoukos, Robbert J de Winter and 5 more

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Circulation, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 42 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
42citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
8.8field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT00042081 phase3completednot on this map

A Phase III, Multi-Center Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of the Ex Vivo Treatment With CGT003 of Coronary Vein Grafts in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Procedures

TypeinterventionalSponsorAnesiva, Inc.Ran2002 to 2005Enrolled3,000ConditionsCoronary Artery DiseaseArmsCGT003 (E2F Duplex Decoy)
NCT03217006 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2018, after this paper: background citation

Randomized Comparison of the Clinical Outcome of Single Versus Multiple Arterial Grafts: the ROMA Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorWeill Medical College of Cornell UniversityRan2018 to 2030Enrolled4,300ConditionsCoronary Artery Disease, Heart DiseasesArmsSingle arterial graft, Multiple arterial grafting
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

42 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 90 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Trial
  5. Article
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  10. Effects of Cytokines (or Activating Factors) on Arterial Endothelial Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
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  15. Hemodynamics and Wall Mechanics of Vascular Graft Failure.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2024
    Review
  16. Article
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  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Ralf E HarskampFrom Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (R.E.H., J.H.A., B.E., D.W., P.J.S., E.D.P., P.K.S., R.D.L.); Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center - University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.E.H., R.J.d.W.); East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (T.B.F.); North Carolina State University, Raleigh (R.H.); Cardiopulmonary Research Science and Technology Institute, Dallas, TX (M.J.M.); Missouri Baptist Medical Center, St Louis (N.T.K.); PERFUSE Angiographic Laboratory, Boston, MA (C.M.G.); and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (R.A.H.).
John H AlexanderFrom Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (R.E.H., J.H.A., B.E., D.W., P.J.S., E.D.P., P.K.S., R.D.L.); Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center - University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.E.H., R.J.d.W.); East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (T.B.F.); North Carolina State University, Raleigh (R.H.); Cardiopulmonary Research Science and Technology Institute, Dallas, TX (M.J.M.); Missouri Baptist Medical Center, St Louis (N.T.K.); PERFUSE Angiographic Laboratory, Boston, MA (C.M.G.); and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (R.A.H.).
T Bruce FergusonFrom Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (R.E.H., J.H.A., B.E., D.W., P.J.S., E.D.P., P.K.S., R.D.L.); Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center - University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.E.H., R.J.d.W.); East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (T.B.F.); North Carolina State University, Raleigh (R.H.); Cardiopulmonary Research Science and Technology Institute, Dallas, TX (M.J.M.); Missouri Baptist Medical Center, St Louis (N.T.K.); PERFUSE Angiographic Laboratory, Boston, MA (C.M.G.); and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (R.A.H.).
Rebecca HagerFrom Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (R.E.H., J.H.A., B.E., D.W., P.J.S., E.D.P., P.K.S., R.D.L.); Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center - University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.E.H., R.J.d.W.); East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (T.B.F.); North Carolina State University, Raleigh (R.H.); Cardiopulmonary Research Science and Technology Institute, Dallas, TX (M.J.M.); Missouri Baptist Medical Center, St Louis (N.T.K.); PERFUSE Angiographic Laboratory, Boston, MA (C.M.G.); and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (R.A.H.).
Michael J MackFrom Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (R.E.H., J.H.A., B.E., D.W., P.J.S., E.D.P., P.K.S., R.D.L.); Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center - University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.E.H., R.J.d.W.); East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (T.B.F.); North Carolina State University, Raleigh (R.H.); Cardiopulmonary Research Science and Technology Institute, Dallas, TX (M.J.M.); Missouri Baptist Medical Center, St Louis (N.T.K.); PERFUSE Angiographic Laboratory, Boston, MA (C.M.G.); and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (R.A.H.).
Brian EnglumFrom Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (R.E.H., J.H.A., B.E., D.W., P.J.S., E.D.P., P.K.S., R.D.L.); Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center - University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.E.H., R.J.d.W.); East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (T.B.F.); North Carolina State University, Raleigh (R.H.); Cardiopulmonary Research Science and Technology Institute, Dallas, TX (M.J.M.); Missouri Baptist Medical Center, St Louis (N.T.K.); PERFUSE Angiographic Laboratory, Boston, MA (C.M.G.); and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (R.A.H.).
Daniel WojdylaFrom Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (R.E.H., J.H.A., B.E., D.W., P.J.S., E.D.P., P.K.S., R.D.L.); Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center - University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.E.H., R.J.d.W.); East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (T.B.F.); North Carolina State University, Raleigh (R.H.); Cardiopulmonary Research Science and Technology Institute, Dallas, TX (M.J.M.); Missouri Baptist Medical Center, St Louis (N.T.K.); PERFUSE Angiographic Laboratory, Boston, MA (C.M.G.); and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (R.A.H.).
Phillip J SchulteFrom Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (R.E.H., J.H.A., B.E., D.W., P.J.S., E.D.P., P.K.S., R.D.L.); Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center - University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.E.H., R.J.d.W.); East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (T.B.F.); North Carolina State University, Raleigh (R.H.); Cardiopulmonary Research Science and Technology Institute, Dallas, TX (M.J.M.); Missouri Baptist Medical Center, St Louis (N.T.K.); PERFUSE Angiographic Laboratory, Boston, MA (C.M.G.); and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (R.A.H.).
Nicholas T KouchoukosFrom Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (R.E.H., J.H.A., B.E., D.W., P.J.S., E.D.P., P.K.S., R.D.L.); Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center - University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.E.H., R.J.d.W.); East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (T.B.F.); North Carolina State University, Raleigh (R.H.); Cardiopulmonary Research Science and Technology Institute, Dallas, TX (M.J.M.); Missouri Baptist Medical Center, St Louis (N.T.K.); PERFUSE Angiographic Laboratory, Boston, MA (C.M.G.); and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (R.A.H.).
Robbert J de WinterFrom Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (R.E.H., J.H.A., B.E., D.W., P.J.S., E.D.P., P.K.S., R.D.L.); Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center - University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.E.H., R.J.d.W.); East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (T.B.F.); North Carolina State University, Raleigh (R.H.); Cardiopulmonary Research Science and Technology Institute, Dallas, TX (M.J.M.); Missouri Baptist Medical Center, St Louis (N.T.K.); PERFUSE Angiographic Laboratory, Boston, MA (C.M.G.); and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (R.A.H.).
C Michael GibsonFrom Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (R.E.H., J.H.A., B.E., D.W., P.J.S., E.D.P., P.K.S., R.D.L.); Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center - University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.E.H., R.J.d.W.); East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (T.B.F.); North Carolina State University, Raleigh (R.H.); Cardiopulmonary Research Science and Technology Institute, Dallas, TX (M.J.M.); Missouri Baptist Medical Center, St Louis (N.T.K.); PERFUSE Angiographic Laboratory, Boston, MA (C.M.G.); and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (R.A.H.).
Eric D PetersonFrom Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (R.E.H., J.H.A., B.E., D.W., P.J.S., E.D.P., P.K.S., R.D.L.); Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center - University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.E.H., R.J.d.W.); East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (T.B.F.); North Carolina State University, Raleigh (R.H.); Cardiopulmonary Research Science and Technology Institute, Dallas, TX (M.J.M.); Missouri Baptist Medical Center, St Louis (N.T.K.); PERFUSE Angiographic Laboratory, Boston, MA (C.M.G.); and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (R.A.H.).
Robert A HarringtonFrom Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (R.E.H., J.H.A., B.E., D.W., P.J.S., E.D.P., P.K.S., R.D.L.); Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center - University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.E.H., R.J.d.W.); East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (T.B.F.); North Carolina State University, Raleigh (R.H.); Cardiopulmonary Research Science and Technology Institute, Dallas, TX (M.J.M.); Missouri Baptist Medical Center, St Louis (N.T.K.); PERFUSE Angiographic Laboratory, Boston, MA (C.M.G.); and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (R.A.H.).
Peter K SmithFrom Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (R.E.H., J.H.A., B.E., D.W., P.J.S., E.D.P., P.K.S., R.D.L.); Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center - University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.E.H., R.J.d.W.); East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (T.B.F.); North Carolina State University, Raleigh (R.H.); Cardiopulmonary Research Science and Technology Institute, Dallas, TX (M.J.M.); Missouri Baptist Medical Center, St Louis (N.T.K.); PERFUSE Angiographic Laboratory, Boston, MA (C.M.G.); and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (R.A.H.).
Renato D LopesFrom Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC (R.E.H., J.H.A., B.E., D.W., P.J.S., E.D.P., P.K.S., R.D.L.); Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center - University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.E.H., R.J.d.W.); East Carolina University, Greenville, NC (T.B.F.); North Carolina State University, Raleigh (R.H.); Cardiopulmonary Research Science and Technology Institute, Dallas, TX (M.J.M.); Missouri Baptist Medical Center, St Louis (N.T.K.); PERFUSE Angiographic Laboratory, Boston, MA (C.M.G.); and Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA (R.A.H.). renato.lopes@duke.edu.
North Carolina State University · USLittelfuse (United States) · USUniversity of Amsterdam · NLEast Carolina University · USMissouri Baptist Medical Center · US

Funding

Integrated Biostatistical Training for CVD ResearchT32HL079896 · NHLBI · NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY RALEIGH · PI Sean M O'Brien, Ana-Maria Staicu · 2006 to 2026
$4.1M
Cardiothoracic Surgical Network Clinical CenterU01HL088953 · NHLBI · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI SMITH, PETER K · 2007 to 2013
$2.6M
Core Clinical Centers for the CTSNUM1HL088953 · NHLBI · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI SMITH, PETER K · 2013 to 2017
$2.5M
NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL079896NHLBI NIH HHS T32HL079896NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL088953NHLBI NIH HHS U01-HL088953NHLBI NIH HHS UM1 HL088953
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe internal mammary artery (IMA) is the preferred conduit for bypassing the left anterior descending (LAD) artery in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Systematic evaluation of the frequency and predictors of IMA failure and long-term outcomes is lacking. METHODS AND

resultsThe Project of Ex-vivo Vein Graft Engineering via Transfection (PREVENT) IV trial participants who underwent IMA-LAD revascularization and had 12- to 18-month angiographic follow-up (n=1539) were included. Logistic regression with fast false selection rate methods was used to identify characteristics associated with IMA failure (≥75% stenosis). The relationship between IMA failure and long-term outcomes, including death, myocardial infarction, and repeat revascularization, was assessed with Cox regression. IMA failure occurred in 132 participants (8.6%). Predictors of IMA graft failure were LAD stenosis <75% (odds ratio, 1.76; 95% confidence interval, 1.19-2.59), additional bypass graft to diagonal branch (odds ratio, 1.92; 95% confidence interval, 1.33-2.76), and not having diabetes mellitus (odds ratio, 1.82; 95% confidence interval, 1.20-2.78). LAD stenosis and additional diagonal graft remained predictive of IMA failure in an alternative model that included angiographic failure or death before angiography as the outcome. IMA failure was associated with a significantly higher incidence of subsequent acute (<14 days of angiography) clinical events, mostly as a result of a higher rate of repeat revascularization.

conclusionsIMA failure was common and associated with higher rates of repeat revascularization, and patients with intermediate LAD stenosis or with an additional bypass graft to the diagonal branch had increased risk for IMA failure. These findings raise concerns about competitive flow and the benefit of coronary artery bypass grafting in intermediate LAD stenosis without functional evidence of ischemia. CLINICAL

trial registrationURL: http:/www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00042081.

Indexed as

AgedCardiac CatheterizationCardiovascular AgentsCombined Modality TherapyComorbidityCoronary AngiographyCoronary DiseaseCoronary RestenosisDiabetes ComplicationsDouble-Blind MethodFemaleGraft Occlusion, VascularHumansInternal Mammary-Coronary Artery AnastomosisKaplan-Meier EstimateMaleCardiovascular Agentscoronary artery bypassmammary arteries

Identifiers

PMID26647082
PMCPMC4814323
OpenAlexW2234252760

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.