Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26645052›Full record

ArticlePapillomavirus research (Amsterdam, Netherlands)2015

Deep sequencing of HPV16 genomes: A new high-throughput tool for exploring the carcinogenicity and natural history of HPV16 infection.

Michael Cullen, Joseph F Boland, Mark Schiffman, Xijun Zhang, Nicolas Wentzensen, Qi Yang, Zigui Chen, Kai Yu, Jason Mitchell, David Roberson and 17 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Papillomavirus research (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
70citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

70 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  6. medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026
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  10. Direct Comparison of Alternative Blood-Based Approaches for Early Detection and Diagnosis of HPV-Associated Head and Neck Cancers.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2025
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  14. Review
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10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

27 authors.

Michael CullenDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA ; Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD, USA.
Joseph F BolandDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA ; Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD, USA.
Mark SchiffmanDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
Xijun ZhangDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA ; Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD, USA.
Nicolas WentzensenDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
Qi YangDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA ; Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD, USA.
Zigui ChenDepartment of Epidemiology and Population Health, At Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
Kai YuDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
Jason MitchellDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA ; Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD, USA.
David RobersonDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA ; Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD, USA.
Sara BassDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA ; Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD, USA.
Laurie BurdetteDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA ; Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD, USA.
Moara MachadoDepartment de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Sarangan RavichandranFrederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Simulation, Analysis and Mathematical Modeling Group Advanced Biomedical Computing Center, Frederick, MD, USA.
Brian LukeFrederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Simulation, Analysis and Mathematical Modeling Group Advanced Biomedical Computing Center, Frederick, MD, USA.
Mitchell J MachielaDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
Mark AndersenThermo Fisher Scientific (Formerly Life Technologies), Carlsbad, CA, USA.
Matt OsentoskiThermo Fisher Scientific (Formerly Life Technologies), Carlsbad, CA, USA.
Michael LaptewiczThermo Fisher Scientific (Formerly Life Technologies), Carlsbad, CA, USA.
Sholom WacholderDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
Ashlie FeldmanDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA ; Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD, USA.
Tina Raine-BennettRegional Laboratory and Women's Health Research Institute, Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA.
Thomas LoreyRegional Laboratory and Women's Health Research Institute, Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA.
Philip E CastleDepartment of Epidemiology and Population Health, At Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA ; Global Coalition Against Cervical Cancer, Arlington, VA, USA.
Meredith YeagerDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA ; Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD, USA.
Robert D BurkDepartment of Epidemiology and Population Health, At Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA ; Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women's Health, at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
Lisa MirabelloDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.

Funding

PERSISTENT HPV IN WOMEN AT RISK FOR CERVIX CANCERR01CA078527 · NCI · YESHIVA UNIVERSITY · PI BURK, ROBERT D. · 1998 to 2002
$1.5M
Intramural NIH HHS Z99 CA999999NCI NIH HHS R01 CA078527
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

For unknown reasons, there is huge variability in risk conferred by different HPV types and, remarkably, strong differences even between closely related variant lineages within each type. HPV16 is a uniquely powerful carcinogenic type, causing approximately half of cervical cancer and most other HPV-related cancers. To permit the large-scale study of HPV genome variability and precancer/cancer, starting with HPV16 and cervical cancer, we developed a high-throughput next-generation sequencing (NGS) whole-genome method. We designed a custom HPV16 AmpliSeq™ panel that generated 47 overlapping amplicons covering 99% of the genome sequenced on the Ion Torrent Proton platform. After validating with Sanger, the current "gold standard" of sequencing, in 89 specimens with concordance of 99.9%, we used our NGS method and custom annotation pipeline to sequence 796 HPV16-positive exfoliated cervical cell specimens. The median completion rate per sample was 98.0%. Our method enabled us to discover novel SNPs, large contiguous deletions suggestive of viral integration (OR of 27.3, 95% CI 3.3-222,

Indexed as

HPV16HPV epidemiologyHPV genomics

Identifiers

PMID26645052
PMCPMC4669577

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.