Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26644578›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2015

Molecular mechanisms underlying the exceptional adaptations of batoid fins.

Tetsuya Nakamura, Jeff Klomp, Joyce Pieretti, Igor Schneider, Andrew R Gehrke, Neil H Shubin

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
1.7field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Aerial Imagery Reveals Abnormal Stingray,Ecology and evolution · 2024
    Article
  3. Aerial imagery reveals abnormal stingrays,Ecology and evolution · 2024
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Developmental constraints on fin diversity.Development, growth & differentiation · 2020
    Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. The role ofEvoDevo · 2017
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Tetsuya NakamuraDepartment of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637;
Jeff KlompDepartment of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637;
Joyce PierettiDepartment of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637;
Igor SchneiderInstituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal do Para, 66075 Belem, Brazil.
Andrew R GehrkeDepartment of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637;
Neil H ShubinDepartment of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637; nshubin@uchicago.edu.
University of Chicago · USUniversidade Federal do Pará · BR

Funding

The Maine Biomedical Research Network (INBRE)P20GM103423 · NIGMS · MOUNT DESERT ISLAND BIOLOGICAL LAB · PI Dustin Lynn Updike · 2012 to 2026
$60.0M
Understanding the role of thyroid hormone signaling during axolotl limb regenerationP20GM104318 · NIGMS · MOUNT DESERT ISLAND BIOLOGICAL LAB · PI DRUMMOND, IAIN A. · 2013 to 2023
$23.0M
Re-Engineering Translational Research at the University of ChicagoUL1TR000430 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI SOLWAY, JULIAN · 2012 to 2016
$20.2M
Training Program in Developmental BiologyT32HD055164 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO · PI Sally Horne-Badovinac, Paschalis Kratsios · 2008 to 2026
$3.6M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000430NICHD NIH HHS T32 HD055164NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM103423NIGMS NIH HHS P20GM103423NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM104318NIGMS NIH HHS P20GM104318
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Extreme novelties in the shape and size of paired fins are exemplified by extinct and extant cartilaginous and bony fishes. Pectoral fins of skates and rays, such as the little skate (Batoid, Leucoraja erinacea), show a strikingly unique morphology where the pectoral fin extends anteriorly to ultimately fuse with the head. This results in a morphology that essentially surrounds the body and is associated with the evolution of novel swimming mechanisms in the group. In an approach that extends from RNA sequencing to in situ hybridization to functional assays, we show that anterior and posterior portions of the pectoral fin have different genetic underpinnings: canonical genes of appendage development control posterior fin development via an apical ectodermal ridge (AER), whereas an alternative Homeobox (Hox)-Fibroblast growth factor (Fgf)-Wingless type MMTV integration site family (Wnt) genetic module in the anterior region creates an AER-like structure that drives anterior fin expansion. Finally, we show that GLI family zinc finger 3 (Gli3), which is an anterior repressor of tetrapod digits, is expressed in the posterior half of the pectoral fin of skate, shark, and zebrafish but in the anterior side of the pelvic fin. Taken together, these data point to both highly derived and deeply ancestral patterns of gene expression in skate pectoral fins, shedding light on the molecular mechanisms behind the evolution of novel fin morphologies.

Indexed as

Adaptation, PhysiologicalAnimal FinsAnimalsEmbryo, NonmammalianFibroblast Growth FactorsFish ProteinsGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalHomeodomain ProteinsIn Situ HybridizationPhylogenySkates, FishFibroblast Growth FactorsFish ProteinsHomeodomain ProteinsAERdevelopmentevolutionfinskate

Identifiers

PMID26644578
PMCPMC4702995
OpenAlexW2196178080

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.