ArticleMolecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy2016
Variable Virulence and Efficacy of BCG Vaccine Strains in Mice and Correlation With Genome Polymorphisms.
Article in Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 122 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multidimensional determinants of BCG-induced false-positivity in tuberculin skin testing: a global meta-analysis of 242 studies.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Genetic and immunologic determinants of BCG disease: from mechanism to prevention.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Investigating the role of baseline gut Akkermansia muciniphila and its co-metabolite palmitoleic acid in BCG vaccine efficacy: a preclinical study.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- CRISPR-Based Gene Therapy for Brain Disease.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- BCG vaccination reduces the rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis dissemination between murine lungs.Research square · 2026Article
- BCG vaccination reduces the rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis dissemination between murine lungs.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Editorial: Vaccines and molecular therapeutics for tuberculosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- The TRIM-cancer paradox: BCG as a programmable vaccine platform and a mechanistic probe for rational immunotherapy design.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- An overview of gene and cell therapy approaches for Alzheimer's disease.Metabolic brain disease · 2025Review
- Unleashing the power of the BCG vaccine in modulating viral immunity through heterologous protection: A scoping review.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Deconvoluting the interplay of innate and adaptive immunity in BCG-induced nonspecific and TB-specific host resistance.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Comparative longitudinal analysis of T lymphocyte subpopulations in calves vaccinated with different doses of BCG-Phipps or with culture filtrate protein extract of Mycobacterium bovis in a natural transmission setting.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Article
- Early and delayed STAT1-dependent responses drive local trained immunity of macrophages in the spleen.eLife · 2025Article
- Review
- Effects of non-tuberculous mycobacteria on BCG vaccine efficacy: A narrative review.Journal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases · 2024Review
- Pediatric Tuberculosis: A Review of Evidence-Based Best Practices for Clinicians and Health Care Providers.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Multi-omics analysis reveals that linoleic acid metabolism is associated with variations of trained immunity induced by distinct BCG strains.Science advances · 2024Article
- Mucosal BCG delivery provides a spectrum of protection from differentFrontiers in tuberculosis · 2024Article
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), an attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis, is the only vaccine available for tuberculosis (TB) control. However, BCG is not an ideal vaccine and has two major limitations: BCG exhibits highly variable effectiveness against the development of TB both in pediatric and adult populations and can cause disseminated BCG disease in immunocompromised individuals. BCG comprises a number of substrains that are genetically distinct. Whether and how these genetic differences affect BCG efficacy remains largely unknown. In this study, we performed comparative analyses of the virulence and efficacy of 13 BCG strains, representing different genetic lineages, in SCID and BALB/c mice. Our results show that BCG strains of the DU2 group IV (BCG-Phipps, BCG-Frappier, BCG-Pasteur, and BCG-Tice) exhibit the highest levels of virulence, and BCG strains of the DU2 group II (BCG-Sweden, BCG-Birkhaug) are among the least virulent group. These distinct levels of virulence may be explained by strain-specific duplications and deletions of genomic DNA. There appears to be a general trend that more virulent BCG strains are also more effective in protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis challenge. Our findings have important implications for current BCG vaccine programs and for future TB vaccine development.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.