ArticleACS central science2015
Modulation of Innate Immune Responses
Article in ACS central science, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Programmable Antigen-Specific Immunity via Self-Adjuvanting Nanovaccines Co-Delivering Immune Modulators.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
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- Revolutionizing Cancer Immunotherapy: Emerging Nanotechnology-Driven Drug Delivery Systems for Enhanced Therapeutic Efficacy.ACS measurement science au · 2025Review
- Linker Chemistry and Connectivity Fine-Tune the Immune Response and Kinetic Solubility of Conjugated NOD2/TLR7 Agonists.Bioconjugate chemistry · 2024Article
- Effect of Antigen Valency on Autoreactive B-Cell Targeting.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Design and Evaluation of Synthetic Delivery Formulations for Peptide-Based Cancer Vaccines.BME frontiers · 2024Article
- Synthesis and Optimization of 1-Substituted Imidazo[4,5-ACS medicinal chemistry letters · 2023Article
- A sublingual nanofiber vaccine to prevent urinary tract infections.Science advances · 2022Article
- Covalently Conjugated NOD2/TLR7 Agonists Are Potent and Versatile Immune Potentiators.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2022Article
- Bioinspired vaccines to enhance MHC class-I antigen cross-presentation.Current opinion in immunology · 2022Review
- Chemically Modified Bacterial Sacculi as a Vaccine Microparticle Scaffold.ACS chemical biology · 2022Article
- A nanovaccine for enhancing cellular immunity via cytosolic co-delivery of antigen and polyIC RNA.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2022Article
- Systemic delivery of a targeted synthetic immunostimulant transforms the immune landscape for effective tumor regression.Cell chemical biology · 2022Article
- Designing spatial and temporal control of vaccine responses.Nature reviews. Materials · 2022Review
- Modulation of injectable hydrogel properties for slow co-delivery of influenza subunit vaccine components enhance the potency of humoral immunity.Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A · 2021Article
- Evolution of Toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist therapeutics and their delivery approaches: From antiviral formulations to vaccine adjuvants.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2021Review
- Systemic Immunotherapy with Micellar Resiquimod-Polymer Conjugates Triggers a Robust Antitumor Response in a Breast Cancer Model.Advanced healthcare materials · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
We present the synthesis of novel adjuvants for vaccine development using multivalent scaffolds and bioconjugation chemistry to spatially manipulate Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists. TLRs are primary receptors for activation of the innate immune system during vaccination. Vaccines that contain a combination of small and macromolecule TLR agonists elicit more directed immune responses and prolong responses against foreign pathogens. In addition, immune activation is enhanced upon stimulation of two distinct TLRs. Here, we synthesized combinations of TLR agonists as spatially defined tri- and di-agonists to understand how specific TLR agonist combinations contribute to the overall immune response. We covalently conjugated three TLR agonists (TLR4, 7, and 9) to a small molecule core to probe the spatial arrangement of the agonists. Treating immune cells with the linked agonists increased activation of the transcription factor NF-κB and enhanced and directed immune related cytokine production and gene expression beyond cells treated with an unconjugated mixture of the same three agonists. The use of TLR signaling inhibitors and knockout studies confirmed that the tri-agonist molecule activated multiple signaling pathways leading to the observed higher activity. To validate that the TLR4, 7, and 9 agonist combination would activate the immune response to a greater extent, we performed
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.