ArticleJournal of physiology and biochemistry2016
Effect of estrogen and/or progesterone administration on traumatic brain injury-caused brain edema: the changes of aquaporin-4 and interleukin-6.
Article in Journal of physiology and biochemistry, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Progesterone on Preclinical Animal Models of Traumatic Brain Injury: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Molecular neurobiology · 2022Pooled it
- Progesterone for acute traumatic brain injury.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Gonadal hormones and aquaporin-4: Preclinical insights into glymphatic regulation and amyloid clearance.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2025Review
- White matter microstructural changes across the menstrual cycle: a differential tractography study.Neuroradiology · 2025Article
- The changes of digestive system inflammatory, oxidative stress, and histopathology factors following oral mesenchymal stem cells administration in rats with traumatic brain injury.BMC neuroscience · 2025Article
- Optimal Timing of Exercise for Enhanced Learning and Memory: Insights From CA1 and CA3 Regions in Traumatic Brain Injury Model in Male Rats.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
- Circadian Rhythms Tied to Changes in Brain Morphology in a Densely Sampled Male.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2024Article
- Menstrual cycle-driven hormone concentrations co-fluctuate with white and gray matter architecture changes across the whole brain.Human brain mapping · 2024Article
- Circadian rhythms tied to changes in brain morphology in a densely-sampled male.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Article
- Evaluating the neuroprotective effects of progesterone receptors on experimental traumatic brain injury: The PI3K/Akt pathway.Brain and behavior · 2023Article
- Aquaporin 4 in Traumatic Brain Injury: From Molecular Pathways to Therapeutic Target.Neurochemical research · 2022Review
- Improved spatial memory, neurobehavioral outcomes, and neuroprotective effect after progesterone administration in ovariectomized rats with traumatic brain injury: Role of RU486 progesterone receptor antagonist.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2021Article
- Maternal Progesterone Treatment Reduces Maternal Inflammation-Induced Fetal Brain Injury in a Mouse Model of Preterm Birth.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2021Article
- The Changes of Brain Edema and Neurological Outcome, and the Probable Mechanisms in Diffuse Traumatic Brain Injury Induced in Rats with the History of Exercise.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2020Article
- Article
- The Effect of Candesartan Alone and Its Combination With Estrogen on Post-traumatic Brain Injury Outcomes in Female Rats.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019Article
- Does the administration of melatonin during post-traumatic brain injury affect cytokine levels?Inflammopharmacology · 2018Article
- Effects of Female Sex Steroids Administration on Pathophysiologic Mechanisms in Traumatic Brain Injury.Translational stroke research · 2018Review
- Does inhibition of angiotensin function cause neuroprotection in diffuse traumatic brain injury?Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The role of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the development of brain edema post-traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been indicated. The present study was designed to investigate the effect(s) of administration of progesterone (P) and/or estrogen (E) on brain water content, AQP4 expression, and IL-6 levels post-TBI. The ovariectomized rats were divided into 11 groups: sham, one vehicle, two vehicles, E1, E2, P1, P2, E1 + P1, E1 + P2, E2 + P1, and E2 + P2. The brain AQP4 expression, IL-6 levels, and water content were evaluated 24 h after TBI induced by Marmarou's method. The low (E1 and P1) and high (E2 and P2) doses of estrogen and progesterone were administered 30 min post-TBI. The results showed that brain water content and AQP4 expression decreased in the E1, E2, P1, and P2-treated groups. The administration of E1 decreased IL-6 levels. Addition of progesterone decreased the inhibitory effect of E1 and E2 on the accumulation of water in the brain. Administration of E1 + P1 and E1 + P2 decreased the inhibitory effect of E1 on the IL-6 levels and AQP4 protein expression. Our findings suggest that estrogen or progesterone by itself has more effective roles in decrease of brain edema than combination of both. Possible mechanism may be mediated by the alteration of AQP4 and IL-6 expression. However, further studies are required to verify the exact mechanism.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.