SynthesisPloS one2015
Effectiveness of Knee Injury and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear Prevention Programs: A Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Evaluating the effectiveness of preventive training programs in reducing the incidence of knee injuries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- The formal EU-US Meniscus Rehabilitation 2024 Consensus: An ESSKA-AOSSM-AASPT initiative. Part II-Prevention, non-operative treatment and return to sport.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2025Guideline
- Reducing ACL injury risk: A meta-analysis of prevention programme effectiveness.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of proprioceptive training in the recovery of patients submitted to meniscus surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2022Pooled it
- Prevention of Non-Contact Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries among Youth Female Athletes: An Umbrella Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- The impact of robot-assisted training on gait, balance, and endurance in patients with partial spinal cord injuries: insights from rehabilitation.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2026Trial
- Outcomes of a randomized controlled trial of neuromuscular training with real-time biofeedback in young female athletes.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2025Trial
- Muscle fatigue affects dynamic tibiofemoral movements during jumping tasks in healthy participants.Journal of experimental orthopaedics · 2026Article
- Assessment of Elbow Proprioception with Inertial Measurement Units-Validity and Reliability Study.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Bone Bruise Patterns After Noncontact Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears Differ Between Alpine Skiers and Pivoting Sports Athletes.The American journal of sports medicine · 2025Article
- The Formal EU-US Meniscus Rehabilitation 2024 Consensus: An ESSKA-AOSSM-AASPT Initiative Part II-Prevention, Nonoperative Treatment and Return to Sport.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2025Article
- Understanding ACL injuries in volleyball: a systematic review of epidemiology and risk factors.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2025Review
- Team Approach: Neuromuscular Training for Primary and Secondary Prevention of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury.JBJS reviews · 2024Review
- What is the Injury Incidence and Profile in Professional Male Ice Hockey? A Systematic Review.International journal of sports physical therapy · 2024Article
- The larger patellar tilt angle and lower intercondylar notch angle might increase posterior cruciate ligament injury risk: a retrospective comparative study.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2023Article
- Parental Awareness and Attitudes Towards ACL Injury Prevention Programs in Youth Athletes.Journal of the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America · 2023Article
- The effect of dual-task on jump landing kinematics and kinetics in female athletes with or without dynamic knee valgus.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Known-group validity of passive knee joint position sense: a comparison between individuals with unilateral anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and healthy controls.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2023Article
- Test-Retest Reliability of a Passive Joint Position Sense Test After ACL Reconstruction: Influence of Direction, Target Angle, Limb, and Outcome Measures.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2023Article
- Injuries in Physical Education Teacher Students: Differences between Sex, Curriculum Year, Setting, and Sports.Translational sports medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveIndividuals frequently involved in jumping, pivoting or cutting are at increased risk of knee injury, including anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears. We sought to use meta-analytic techniques to establish whether neuromuscular and proprioceptive training is efficacious in preventing knee and ACL injury and to identify factors related to greater efficacy of such programs.
methodsWe performed a systematic literature search of studies published in English between 1996 and 2014. Intervention efficacy was ascertained from incidence rate ratios (IRRs) weighted by their precision (1/variance) using a random effects model. Separate analyses were performed for knee and ACL injury. We examined whether year of publication, study quality, or specific components of the intervention were associated with efficacy of the intervention in a meta-regression analysis.
resultsTwenty-four studies met the inclusion criteria and were used in the meta-analysis. The mean study sample was 1,093 subjects. Twenty studies reported data on knee injury in general terms and 16 on ACL injury. Maximum Jadad score was 3 (on a 0-5 scale). The summary incidence rate ratio was estimated at 0.731 (95% CI: 0.614, 0.871) for knee injury and 0.493 (95% CI: 0.285, 0.854) for ACL injury, indicating a protective effect of intervention. Meta-regression analysis did not identify specific intervention components associated with greater efficacy but established that later year of publication was associated with more conservative estimates of intervention efficacy.
conclusionThe current meta-analysis provides evidence that neuromuscular and proprioceptive training reduces knee injury in general and ACL injury in particular. Later publication date was associated with higher quality studies and more conservative efficacy estimates. As study quality was generally low, these data suggest that higher quality studies should be implemented to confirm the preventive efficacy of such programs.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.