Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26636258›Full record

ArticlePrion2015

CWD prions remain infectious after passage through the digestive system of coyotes (Canis latrans).

Tracy A Nichols, Justin W Fischer, Terry R Spraker, Qingzhong Kong, Kurt C VerCauteren

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Prion, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 23% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  5. Global decline of apex scavengers threatens human health.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Tracy A Nicholsa National Wildlife Research Center; United States Department of Agriculture ; Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service; Wildlife Services ; Fort Collins , CO USA.
Justin W Fischera National Wildlife Research Center; United States Department of Agriculture ; Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service; Wildlife Services ; Fort Collins , CO USA.
Terry R Sprakerb Colorado State University Diagnostic Laboratory; College of Veterinary Medicine; Colorado State University ; Fort Collins , CO USA.
Qingzhong Kongd National Prion Disease Pathology Surveillance Center; Institute of Pathology; Case Western Reserve University ; Cleveland , OH USA.
Kurt C VerCauterena National Wildlife Research Center; United States Department of Agriculture ; Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service; Wildlife Services ; Fort Collins , CO USA.
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service · USCase Western Reserve University · USColorado State University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a geographically expanding prion disease of wild and captive cervids in North America. Disease can be transmitted directly, animal to animal, or indirectly via the environment. CWD contamination can occur residually in the environment via soil, water, and forage following deposition of bodily fluids such as urine, saliva, and feces, or by the decomposition of carcasses. Recent work has indicated that plants may even take up prions into the stems and leaves. When a carcass or gut pile is present in the environment, a large number of avian and mammalian species visit and consume the carrion. Additionally, predators like coyotes, likely select for disease-compromised cervids. Natural cross-species CWD transmission has not been documented, however, passage of infectious prion material has been observed in the feces of crows. In this study we evaluated the ability of CWD-infected brain material to pass through the gastrointestinal tract of coyotes (Canis latrans) following oral ingestion, and be infectious in a cervidized transgenic mouse model. Results from this study indicate that coyotes can pass infectious prions via their feces for at least 3 days post ingestion, demonstrating that mammalian scavengers could contribute to the translocation and contamination of CWD in the environment.

Indexed as

AnimalsBrainCoyotesGastrointestinal TractPrionsWasting Disease, ChronicPrionschronic wasting diseasecoyotesenvironmental contaminationfecesprionsscavengerstransmission

Identifiers

PMID26636258
PMCPMC4964857
OpenAlexW2181850178

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.