ArticleHealth promotion perspectives2015
The Association between the Risk of Premenstrual Syndrome and Vitamin D, Calcium, and Magnesium Status among University Students: A Case Control Study.
Article in Health promotion perspectives, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy comparison of different external traditional Chinese medicine therapies as monotherapy or in combination for premenstrual syndrome: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Effect of dairy products fortified with vitamin dBMC women's health · 2024Trial
- Vitamin D Supplementation for Premenstrual Syndrome-Related inflammation and antioxidant markers in students with vitamin D deficient: a randomized clinical trial.Scientific reports · 2019Trial
- Observational
- Zinc, copper, and magnesium in premenstrual disorders: a narrative review.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2025Review
- Review
- Relationships between Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) and Diet Composition, Dietary Patterns and Eating Behaviors.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Vitamin D Inadequacy and Its Relation to Body Fat and Muscle Mass in Adult Women of Childbearing Age.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Severity of premenstrual symptoms among women with musculoskeletal pain: relation to vitamin D, calcium, and psychological symptoms.Journal of medicine and life · 2024Article
- A comprehensive review on the impact of calcium and vitamin D insufficiency and allied metabolic disorders in females.Food science & nutrition · 2023Review
- Article
- Does an alternate-day modified fasting diet improve premenstrual syndrome symptoms and health-related quality of life in obese or overweight women with premenstrual syndrome? A randomized, controlled trial.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- The Problem of Malnutrition Associated with Major Depressive Disorder from a Sex-Gender Perspective.Nutrients · 2022Review
- Article
- Dietary patterns are associated with premenstrual syndrome: evidence from a case-control study.Public health nutrition · 2020Article
- Beneficial Role of Calcium in Premenstrual Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Current Literature.International journal of preventive medicine · 2020Review
- Comparison of serum level of some trace elements and vitamin D between patients with premenstrual syndrome and normal controls: A cross-sectional study.International journal of reproductive biomedicine · 2019Article
- A systematic review of the role of vitamin D and calcium in premenstrual syndrome.Obstetrics & gynecology science · 2019Review
- The effects of vitamin D administration on brain inflammatory markers in high fat diet induced obese rats.BMC neuroscience · 2017Article
- Comparing the Effects of Yoga & Oral Calcium Administration in Alleviating Symptoms of Premenstrual Syndrome in Medical Undergraduates.Journal of caring sciences · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPremenstrual syndrome (PMS) is one of major health problems in childbearing age women. Herein, we compared the nutritional status of vitamin D, calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) in young students affected by PMS with those of normal participants.
methodsThis study was conducted on 62 students aged 20‒25 yr in the city of Abadan (31 PMS cases and 31 controls). All participants completed four or more criteria according to the Utah PMS Calendar 3. Age, height, body mass index (BMI), serum Ca, Mg and vitamin D levels and a 24-hour food recall questionnaire were recorded.
resultsVitamin D serum levels were lower than the normal range in the two groups. The odds ratios (CI 95%) of having PMS based on serum Ca and Mg concentrations were 0.81(0.67 - 0.89) and 0.86 (0.72 - 0.93), respectively. Based on serum levels, 855 of all participants showed vitamin D deficiency and more than one-third of the PMS cases were Mg deficient (P<0.05). In addition, there were signifi-cant differences in dietary intake of Ca and Mg, and potassium but not vitamin D in the two groups. Dietary intakes of Ca and Mg were quite below the recommendation in all participants.
conclusionVitamin D, Ca and Mg nutritional status are compromised in PMS subjects. Because PMS is a prevalent health problem among young women, it merits more attention regarding improvement of their health and nutritional status.
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