ArticlePloS one2015
Nine- to Twelve-Month Anti-Tuberculosis Treatment Is Associated with a Lower Recurrence Rate than 6-9-Month Treatment in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Patients: A Retrospective Population-Based Cohort Study in Taiwan.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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10 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Treatment and recurrence on re-treatment tuberculosis patients: a randomized clinical trial and 7-year perspective cohort study in China.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2020Trial
- Time to reoccurrence of tuberculosis and its predictors among adult HIV/AIDS patients on ART at public hospitals in East and Horro Guduru Wollega zones, West Ethiopia: a retrospective cohort study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Optimizing Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes in a High HIV-Burden Setting: A Study of Sputum Conversion and Regimen Efficacy in Rural South Africa.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Recent Developments in Drug Delivery for Treatment of Tuberculosis by Targeting Macrophages.Advanced therapeutics · 2022Article
- Two cases of tuberculous retropharyngeal abscess in adults.The Journal of international medical research · 2021Article
- Acute biliary events during anti-tuberculosis treatment: hospital case series and a nationwide cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2018Article
- Prediction of Antitubercular Peptides From Sequence Information Using Ensemble Classifier and Hybrid Features.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2018Article
- AntiTbPdb: a knowledgebase of anti-tubercular peptides.Database : the journal of biological databases and curation · 2018Article
- Tuberculosis contact investigation in an intermediate burden setting: implications from a large tuberculosis contact cohort in Taiwan.The European respiratory journal · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients are at an increased risk of tuberculosis (TB) and its recurrence following completion of anti-TB treatment. We investigated whether extending anti-TB treatment to 9 months or longer reduces TB recurrence.
methodsHIV-infected patients who were diagnosed with pulmonary TB between 1997 and 2009 and who received anti-TB treatment for a duration between 5.5 and 12.5 months were identified from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. Those who received any non-fluoroquinolone second-line anti-TB drug for >28 days were excluded. Factors associated with TB recurrence within 2 years after completion of anti-TB treatment were explored using Cox regression analysis. Sensitivity analysis was performed for a subpopulation fulfilling strict diagnostic criteria for HIV infection.
resultsTB recurrence was observed in 18 (3.5%) of 508 HIV-infected patients. The recurrence rate declined from 5.4% to 1.0% after the implementation of directly observed therapy, short course (DOTS) in 2006 (p = 0.014). The recurrence rate was 5.9%, 5.2%, and 1.6% in patients who received anti-TB treatment for <195, 195-270, and >270 days, respectively (p = 0.066). Cox regression analysis revealed that TB diagnosed in the DOTS era (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.18 [0.04-0.77]) and anti-TB treatment for >270 days (HR: 0.24 [0.06-0.89]) were associated with a reduced risk of TB recurrence. Sensitivity analysis of 449 selected patients revealed that anti-TB treatment for >270 days was a significant factor.
conclusionIn Taiwan, the 2-year TB recurrence rate in HIV-infected patients declined after implementation of DOTS. The risk of TB recurrence in HIV-infected patients can be further reduced by extending anti-TB treatment to 9-12.5 months.
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