SynthesisNutrients2015
Effect of Replacing Animal Protein with Plant Protein on Glycemic Control in Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Synthesis in Nutrients, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02037321 (Effect of Substituting Plant Protein for Animal-Protein on Cardiometabolic Risk), which is not on this map. Cited by 75 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Substituting Plant Protein for Animal-Protein on Cardiometabolic Risk: A Series of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Controlled Feeding Trials to Provide Evidence-Based Guidance for Nutrition Guidelines Development
Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 126 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Nordic dietary patterns and cardiometabolic outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies and randomised controlled trials.Diabetologia · 2022Pooled it
- The Isocaloric Substitution of Plant-Based and Animal-Based Protein in Relation to Aging-Related Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Role of cytokinins in seed development in pulses and oilseed crops: Current status and future perspective.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Pooled it
- Dietary Protein Consumption and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: ADose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies.Nutrients · 2019Pooled it
- Can pulses play a role in improving cardiometabolic health? Evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2017Pooled it
- Dietary climate impact correlates ambiguously with health biomarkers- a randomised controlled trial in healthy Finnish adults.European journal of nutrition · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Changes in quantity plant-based protein intake on type 2 diabetes remission in coronary heart disease patients: from the CORDIOPREV study.European journal of nutrition · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Metabolomic Profiles of Plant and Animal Protein and Type 2 Diabetes: Four Prospective US Cohort Studies.Research square · 2026Article
- Plant-Based Nutrition and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Prevention, Risk, Metabolic Health and the Role of Legumes, Dietary Fiber, and Red Meat.Nutrients · 2026Review
- [Nutrition recommendations for people with diabetes (Update 2026)].Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2026Review
- Gut Microbiome-Associated Effects of Plant-Based Diets on Glucose Homeostasis, Body Composition, and Cognitive Function: A Scoping Review.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Article
- Casein- and Soy-Based High-Protein Diets Differentially Affect Insulin Resistance and Adipose Tissue Advanced Glycation End Product Accumulation in Obese Diabetic Mice.Current developments in nutrition · 2026Article
- 5. Facilitating Positive Health Behaviors and Well-being to Improve Health Outcomes: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2026.Diabetes care · 2026Review
- Optimizing Nutrition Strategies for Diabetes Management in India: An Expert Opinion.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026Article
- Peptides From Adzuki Bean and Soybean Improved Insulin-AKT Signaling-Related Pathways in Healthy and Insulin-Resistant States in Human Liver Cells.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2025Article
- Current Perspectives on Protein Supplementation in Athletes: General Guidance and Special Considerations for Diabetes-A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2025Review
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
unlabelledPrevious research on the effect of replacing sources of animal protein with plant protein on glycemic control has been inconsistent. We therefore conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the effect of this replacement on glycemic control in individuals with diabetes. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases through 26 August 2015. We included RCTs ≥ 3-weeks comparing the effect of replacing animal with plant protein on HbA1c, fasting glucose (FG), and fasting insulin (FI). Two independent reviewers extracted relevant data, assessed study quality and risk of bias. Data were pooled by the generic inverse variance method and expressed as mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was assessed (Cochran Q-statistic) and quantified (I²-statistic). Thirteen RCTs (n = 280) met the eligibility criteria. Diets emphasizing a replacement of animal with plant protein at a median level of ~35% of total protein per day significantly lowered HbA1c (MD = -0.15%; 95%-CI: -0.26, -0.05%), FG (MD = -0.53 mmol/L; 95%-CI: -0.92, -0.13 mmol/L) and FI (MD = -10.09 pmol/L; 95%-CI: -17.31, -2.86 pmol/L) compared with control arms. Overall, the results indicate that replacing sources of animal with plant protein leads to modest improvements in glycemic control in individuals with diabetes. Owing to uncertainties in our analyses there is a need for larger, longer, higher quality trials.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov registration number: NCT02037321.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.