ArticleScientific reports2015
Fate of HIV-1 cDNA intermediates during reverse transcription is dictated by transcription initiation site of virus genomic RNA.
Article in Scientific reports, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.
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Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mechanisms of HIV-1 assembly, release and maturation.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Transcription start site heterogeneity controls MDA5 sensing of unspliced HIV-1 RNAs.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Effect of TAR hairpin stabilization on HIV-1 reverse transcription.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Beyond reverse transcription: molecular mechanisms and emerging paradigms in retroviral replication.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2026Review
- Application of NMR to Large RNAs.Journal of molecular biology · 2025Review
- 5' cap sequestration is required for sensing of unspliced HIV-1 RNA by MDA5.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- How to recover from a bad start: adaptation of HIV-1 transcription start site mutants during serial passaging in culture.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- HIV-1 single-transcription start-site mutants display complementary replication functions that are restored by reversion.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Article
- The role of HIV-1 Gag and genomic RNA interactions in virion assembly.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- HIV-1 single transcription start site mutants display complementary replication functions that are restored by reversion.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Translation of HIV-1 unspliced RNA is regulated by 5' untranslated region structure.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Transcription start site choice regulates HIV-1 RNA conformation and function.Current opinion in structural biology · 2024Review
- Role of RNA structural plasticity in modulating HIV-1 genome packaging and translation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Retroviral PBS-segment sequence and structure: Orchestrating early and late replication events.Retrovirology · 2024Review
- The Disassociation of A3G-Related HIV-1 cDNA G-to-A Hypermutation to Viral Infectivity.Viruses · 2024Article
- HIV-1 RNA genome packaging: it's G-rated.mBio · 2024Review
- HIV-1 RNAs whose transcription initiates from the third deoxyguanosine of GGG tract in the 5' long terminal repeat serve as a dominant genome for efficient provirus DNA formation.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Transcription start site heterogeneity and its role in RNA fate determination distinguish HIV-1 from other retroviruses and are mediated by core promoter elements.Journal of virology · 2023Article
- HIV-1 usurps transcription start site heterogeneity of host RNA polymerase II to maximize replication fitness.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Retroviral reverse transcription is accomplished by sequential strand-transfers of partial cDNA intermediates copied from viral genomic RNA. Here, we revealed an unprecedented role of 5'-end guanosine (G) of HIV-1 genomic RNA for reverse transcription. Based on current consensus for HIV-1 transcription initiation site, HIV-1 transcripts possess a single G at 5'-ends (G1-form). However, we found that HIV-1 transcripts with additional Gs at 5'-ends (G2- and G3-forms) were abundantly expressed in infected cells by using alternative transcription initiation sites. The G2- and G3-forms were also detected in the virus particle, although the G1-form predominated. To address biological impact of the 5'-G number, we generated HIV clone DNA to express the G1-form exclusively by deleting the alternative initiation sites. Virus produced from the clone showed significantly higher strand-transfer of minus strong-stop cDNA (-sscDNA). The in vitro assay using synthetic HIV-1 RNAs revealed that the abortive forms of -sscDNA were abundantly generated from the G3-form RNA, but dramatically reduced from the G1-form. Moreover, the strand-transfer of -sscDNA from the G1-form was prominently stimulated by HIV-1 nucleocapsid. Taken together, our results demonstrated that the 5'-G number that corresponds to HIV-1 transcription initiation site was critical for successful strand-transfer of -sscDNA during reverse transcription.
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