Observational studyPloS one2015
C-Terminal Fragment of Agrin (CAF): A Novel Marker for Progression of Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetics.
Observational study in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- New Markers of Early Kidney Damage in Children and Adolescents with Simple Obesity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Association between the 110-kDa C-terminal agrin fragment and skeletal muscle decline among community-dwelling older women.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2023Article
- Effect of targeted intervention on C-terminal agrin fragment and its association with the components of sarcopenia: a scoping review.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2023Article
- Article
- C-terminal agrin fragment as a biomarker of muscle wasting and weakness: a narrative review.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2023Review
- Review of potential biomarkers of inflammation and kidney injury in diabetic kidney disease.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2022Review
- Plasma C-terminal agrin fragment and rapid kidney function decline in chronic kidney disease patients.Medicine · 2019Observational
- Interaction studies of a protein and carbohydrate system using an integrated approach: a case study of the miniagrin-heparin system.European biophysics journal : EBJ · 2018Article
- Molecular characterization of the transition from acute to chronic kidney injury following ischemia/reperfusion.JCI insight · 2017Article
- C-terminal fragment of agrin (CAF) levels predict acute kidney injury after acute myocardial infarction.BMC nephrology · 2017Observational
- The Reference Intervals for Serum C-Terminal Agrin Fragment in Healthy Individuals and as a Biomarker for Renal Function in Kidney Transplant Recipients.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2017Article
- Article
- Circulating C-Terminal Agrin Fragment: A Potential Marker for Sarcopenia Among Type 2 Diabetes.Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolismArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDiabetes is the leading cause of CKD in the developed world. C-terminal fragment of agrin (CAF) is a novel kidney function and injury biomarker. We investigated whether serum CAF predicts progression of kidney disease in type 2 diabetics.
methodsSerum CAF levels were measured in 71 elderly patients with diabetic nephropathy using a newly developed commercial ELISA kit (Neurotune®). Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and proteinuria in spot urine were assessed at baseline and after 12 months follow up. The presence of end stage renal disease (ESRD) was evaluated after 24 months follow-up. Correlation and logistic regression analyses were carried out to explore the associations of serum CAF levels with GFR, proteinuria, GFR loss and incident ESRD. Renal handling of CAF was tested in neurotrypsin-deficient mice injected with recombinant CAF.
resultsWe found a strong association of serum CAF levels with eGFR and a direct association with proteinuria both at baseline (r = 0.698, p<0.001 and r = 0. 287, p = 0.02) as well as after 12 months follow-up (r = 0.677, p<0.001 and r = 0.449, p<0.001), respectively. Furthermore, in multivariate analysis, serum CAF levels predicted eGFR decline at 12 months follow-up after adjusting for known risk factors (eGFR, baseline proteinuria) [OR (95%CI) = 4.2 (1.2-14.5), p = 0.024]. In mice, injected CAF was detected in endocytic vesicles of the proximal tubule.
conclusionSerum CAF levels reflect renal function and are highly associated with eGFR and proteinuria at several time points. Serum CAF was able to predict subsequent loss of renal function irrespective of baseline proteinuria in diabetic nephropathy. CAF is likely removed from circulation by glomerular filtration and subsequent endocytosis in the proximal tubule. These findings may open new possibilities for clinical trial design, since serum CAF levels may be used as a selection tool to monitor kidney function in high-risk patients with diabetic nephropathy.
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