Trial reportBMJ open2015
Pain exposure physical therapy (PEPT) compared to conventional treatment in complex regional pain syndrome type 1: a randomised controlled trial.
Trial report in BMJ open, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00817128 (Pain Exposure Physical Therapy Or Conservative Therapy for Patients With Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type I), which is not on this map. Cited by 25 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Pain Exposure Physical Therapy Or Conservative Therapy for Patients With Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type I
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interventions for treating pain and disability in adults with complex regional pain syndrome- an overview of systematic reviews.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: Practical Diagnostic and Treatment Guidelines, 5th Edition.Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · 2022Guideline
- Physiotherapy for pain and disability in adults with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) types I and II.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Pain Exposure Physical Therapy versus conventional treatment in complex regional pain syndrome type 1-a cost-effectiveness analysis alongside a randomized controlled trial.Clinical rehabilitation · 2018Trial
- Neurocognitive Interventions Informed by Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) Principles and Physical Exercise for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- The Analgesic Efficacy of Therapies Used for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Systematic Review.Cureus · 2025Review
- How can Blood Flow Restriction Exercise be Utilised for the Management of Persistent Pain Following Complex Injuries in Military Personnel? A Narrative Review.Sports medicine - open · 2025Review
- Comprehensive Mechanisms and Non-Invasive Treatment for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Narrative Review.Journal of pain research · 2025Review
- Complex Regional Pain Syndrome.Revista brasileira de ortopedia · 2024Article
- Person-centred management of upper limb complex regional pain syndrome: an integrative review of non-pharmacological treatment.Hand therapy · 2023Review
- Effect and mechanisms of exercise for complex regional pain syndrome.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2023Review
- Modern Principles of Diagnosis and Treatment in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2022Article
- Development of an Exoskeleton Platform of the Finger for Objective Patient Monitoring in Rehabilitation.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Decreasing incidence of complex regional pain syndrome in the Netherlands: a retrospective multicenter study.British journal of pain · 2022Article
- Treatment of Distal Radius Fracture: Does Early Activity Postinjury Lead to a Lower Incidence of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome?Hand (New York, N.Y.) · 2022Article
- Finite Mixture Models Based on Pain Intensity, Functional Disability and Psychological Distress Composite Assessment Allow Identification of Two Distinct Classes of Persistent Spinal Pain Syndrome after Surgery Patients Related to Their Quality of Life.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Is adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder a form of complex regional pain syndrome type I?Saudi medical journal · 2020Article
- Understanding the Rehabilitation Needs of Korean Patients With Complex Regional Pain Syndrome.Annals of rehabilitation medicine · 2020Article
- A medical mystery of complex regional pain syndrome.Heliyon · 2020Review
- [Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) : An update].Der Anaesthesist · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by[Not Available].2016
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo compare the effectiveness of pain exposure physical therapy (PEPT) with conventional treatment in patients with complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (CRPS-1) in a randomised controlled trial with a blinded assessor.
settingThe study was conducted at a level 1 trauma centre in the Netherlands.
participants56 adult patients with CRPS-1 participated. Three patients were lost to follow-up.
interventionsPatients received either PEPT in a maximum of five treatment sessions, or conventional treatment following the Dutch multidisciplinary guideline. MEASUREMENTS: Outcomes were assessed at baseline and at 3, 6 and 9 months after randomisation. The primary outcome measure was the Impairment level Sum Score--Restricted Version (ISS-RV), consisting of visual analogue scale for pain (VAS-pain), McGill Pain Questionnaire, active range of motion (AROM) and skin temperature. Secondary outcome measures included Pain Disability Index (PDI); muscle strength; Short Form 36 (SF-36); disability of arm, shoulder and hand; Lower Limb Tasks Questionnaire (LLTQ); 10 m walk test; timed up-and-go test (TUG) and EuroQol-5D.
resultsThe intention-to-treat analysis showed a clinically relevant decrease in ISS-RV (6.7 points for PEPT and 6.2 points for conventional treatment), but the between-group difference was not significant (0.96, 95% CI -1.56 to 3.48). Participants allocated to PEPT experienced a greater improvement in AROM (between-group difference 0.51, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.94; p=0.02). The per protocol analysis showed larger and significant between-group effects on ISS-RV, VAS-pain, AROM, PDI, SF-36, LLTQ and TUG.
conclusionsWe cannot conclude that PEPT is superior to conventional treatment for patients with CRPS-1. Further high-quality research on the effects of PEPT is warranted given the potential effects as indicated by the per protocol analysis. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERS: NCT00817128 and NTR 2090.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.