ReviewCurrent obesity reports2015
Racial/Ethnic Differences in Insulin Resistance and Beta Cell Function: Relationship to Racial Disparities in Type 2 Diabetes among African Americans versus Caucasians.
Review in Current obesity reports, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Race, Diet, and Cardiometabolic Risk in US Young Adults: A Biosocial Framework Integrating Biological Mechanisms and Structural Inequities Toward Precision Nutrition.Current nutrition reports · 2026Review
- The contribution of maternal glucose to birth weight is smaller in Uganda (sub-Saharan Africa) than in Afro-Caribbean or white ethnicity mother-child pairs from outside Africa.BMJ global health · 2026Article
- Differences in metabolic adaptations during mid and late pregnancy: a comparative cohort study between Rwanda and Germany.Journal of global health · 2025Article
- Young-onset type 2 diabetes-Epidemiology, pathophysiology, and management.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2025Review
- Insulin Sensitivity and Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Respiration in Black and White Women With Obesity.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Trends in Hyperinsulinemia and Insulin Resistance Among Nondiabetic US Adults, NHANES, 1999-2018.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Prospective transitions in hemoglobin A1c following gestational diabetes using multistate Markov models.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Article
- Association between estimated glucose disposal rate and preserved ratio impaired spirometry in adults.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Associations of physiologic subtypes based on HOMA2 indices of β-cell function and insulin sensitivity with the risk of kidney function decline, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality from the 4C study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2024Article
- Comparison of race- and ethnicity-specific BMI cutoffs for categorizing obesity severity: a multicountry prospective cohort study.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2024Article
- Insulin-Heart Axis: Bridging Physiology to Insulin Resistance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Feasibility of prevention of type 2 diabetes in low- and middle-income countries.Diabetologia · 2024Review
- Influence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Diabetes Risk and Glycemic Control in a Retrospective Population-Based Cohort.Diabetes care · 2023Article
- Differences in substrate metabolism between African American and Caucasian infants: evidence from mesenchymal stem cells.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2023Article
- Modeling the progression of Type 2 diabetes with underlying obesity.PLoS computational biology · 2023Article
- Associations of somatic depressive symptoms with body mass index, systemic inflammation, and insulin resistance in primary care patients with depression.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2022Article
- Study Selection Bias and Racial or Ethnic Disparities in Estimated Age at Onset of Cardiometabolic Disease Among Midlife Women in the US.JAMA network open · 2022Article
- An epigenome-wide association study of insulin resistance in African Americans.Clinical epigenetics · 2022Article
- Mitochondrial Phenotype as a Driver of the Racial Dichotomy in Obesity and Insulin Resistance.Biomedicines · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Both biological and sociocultural factors have been implicated in the well-documented racial disparity in incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) between African Americans (AA) and non-Hispanic whites (NHW). This review examines the extent to which biological differences in glucose metabolism, specifically insulin resistance and beta cell function (BCF), contribute to this disparity. The majority of available data suggests that AA are more insulin resistant and have upregulated BCF compared to NHW. Increasing evidence implicates high insulin secretion as a cause rather than consequence of T2D; therefore, upregulated BCF in AA may specifically confer increased risk of T2D in this cohort. Racial disparities in the metabolic characteristics of T2D have direct implications for the treatment and health consequences of this disease; therefore, future research is needed to determine whether strategies to reduce insulin secretion in AA may prevent or delay T2D and lessen racial health disparities.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.