ArticleJournal of translational medicine2015
Interictal cytokine levels were correlated to seizure severity of epileptic patients: a retrospective study on 1218 epileptic patients.
Article in Journal of translational medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biofluid Biomarkers of Neuronal and Glial Injury in Epilepsy and Seizures: A Comprehensive Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- An evaluation of cytokine responses and antiseizure medication levels during mild upper respiratory infections in children with epilepsy.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Boldo leaves reduce seizures, neuroinflammation, and hemichannel activity in a murine model of chronic epilepsy.Biological research · 2025Article
- Identification of plasma proteins associated with seizures in epilepsy: A consensus machine learning approach.PloS one · 2025Article
- Blood biomarkers of seizures in epilepsy: machine learning reveals altered plasma proteome.BMJ neurology open · 2025Article
- Immune biomarkers for epilepsy in autism: indications of cytokine alterations in an exploratory cross-sectional pediatric study.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Therapeutic Efficacy ofPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Toxicity profiles of immune checkpoint inhibitors in nervous system cancer: a comprehensive disproportionality analysis using FDA adverse event reporting system.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2024Article
- Influence of Epilepsy Characteristics on the Anxiety Occurrence.Brain sciences · 2024Article
- Interleukins in Epilepsy: Friend or Foe.Neuroscience bulletin · 2024Review
- Leukocyte differential gene expression prognostic value for high versus low seizure frequency in temporal lobe epilepsy.BMC neurology · 2024Article
- Experimental and Clinical Investigation of Cytokines in Migraine: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Expression of Cytokines and Neurodegeneration in the Rat Hippocampus and Cortex in the Lithium-Pilocarpine Model of Status Epilepticus and the Role of Modulation of Endocannabinoid System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Immune response in blood before and after epileptic and psychogenic non-epileptic seizures.Heliyon · 2023Article
- Assessment of the relationship between generalized convulsive epilepsy and systemic inflammatory regulators: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Serum Proteins Associated with Blood-Brain Barrier as Potential Biomarkers for Seizure Prediction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Blood biomarkers in epilepsy.Acta neurologica Scandinavica · 2022Review
- Alterations of Plasma Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Levels in Children with Refractory Epilepsies.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Neuroinflammation and Proinflammatory Cytokines in Epileptogenesis.Molecular neurobiology · 2022Review
- Th17 cell-mediated immune response in a subpopulation of dogs with idiopathic epilepsy.PloS one · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMany aspects on the correlation between epilepsy and cytokine levels were unclear. This study aims to investigate the correlations between cytokine levels and severe epilepsy.
methodsTotally 1218 epileptic patients were grouped by types of epilepsy: TLE (temporal lobe epilepsy, n = 409), XLE (extra-temporal lobe epilepsy, n = 290) and IGE (idiopathic generalized epilepsy, n = 519). Two hundred healthy volunteers were as controls. Clinical findings and levels of 14 serum and CSF cytokines and 6 STAT members were collected, measured and analyzed.
resultsAnalysis showed no differences in interictal cytokine levels among patients from TLE, XLE and IGE groups. Interictal serum levels of IL-1b, IL-1Ra, IL-6, IL-8, IFNγ, IFNλ3 and IL-17a were associated with seizure severity of epileptic patients, measured by seizure frequency, VA score or NHS3. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that interictal concentrations of serum IL-6, IFNγ, IL-17a, IFNλ3, and CSF IL-6, IL-17a, IFNλ3 were significant biomarkers for patients with severe epilepsy. mRNA levels of IL-6, IFNγ, IL-17a, and IFNλ3 were elevated in different types of epilepsy. Activation of all STATs was elevated in epilepsy, and STAT3 was activated 9-fold in average, which was the highest among all STATs.
conclusionsInterictal serum IL-6, IFNγ, IL-17a, IFNλ3, and CSF IL-6, IL-17a, IFNλ3 could be used as potential biomarkers for severe epilepsy. Activation of STATs, especially STAT3, was important in epilepsy. Our findings pointed out crucial roles of cytokine levels in epilepsy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.