ArticleOncotarget2015
Stimulation of dendritic cells by DAMPs in ALA-PDT treated SCC tumor cells.
Article in Oncotarget, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 87 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Integration of immunogenic cell death in the treatment landscape of non-small cell lung cancer: harnessing the power of the immune system.Cell death discovery · 2026Review
- Innovative gene engineering and drug delivery systems for dendritic cells in cancer immunotherapy.Journal of biomedical science · 2025Review
- Advances in Photodynamic Treatment of Precancerous and Cancerous Gynecological Diseases.Cancers · 2025Review
- Release of HMGB1 from human-derived cancer and normal cells by internal targeted radiotherapy with 131I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine.Journal of radiation research · 2025Article
- Overcoming resistant cancerous tumors through combined photodynamic and immunotherapy (photoimmunotherapy).Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Comprehensive landscape of cell death mechanisms: from molecular cross-talk to therapeutic innovation in oncology.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Increased CD56 expression after photodynamic therapy indicates an increased natural killer cell count following early photodynamic therapy for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.Oncology letters · 2024Article
- PD-L1 Immune Checkpoint Targeted Photoactivable Liposomes (iTPALs) Prime the Stroma of Pancreatic Tumors and Promote Self-Delivery.Advanced healthcare materials · 2024Article
- Nano-Delivery of Immunogenic Cell Death Inducers and Immune Checkpoint Blockade Agents: Single-Nanostructure Strategies for Enhancing Immunotherapy.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Photodynamic Therapy and Adaptive Immunity Induced by Reactive Oxygen Species: Recent Reports.Cancers · 2024Review
- The impact of photodynamic therapy on immune system in cancer - an update.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Photodynamic Therapy-Induced Anti-Tumor Immunity: Influence Factors and Synergistic Enhancement Strategies.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Review
- 5-Aminolevulinic Acid as a Theranostic Agent for Tumor Fluorescence Imaging and Photodynamic Therapy.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Current Challenges and Opportunities of Photodynamic Therapy against Cancer.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Triggering anti-GBM immune response with EGFR-mediated photoimmunotherapy.BMC medicine · 2022Article
- Control of Dendritic Cell Function Within the Tumour Microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Photodynamic Therapy-Mediated Immune Responses in Three-Dimensional Tumor Models.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) not only kills tumor cells directly but also rapidly recruits and activates immune cells favoring the development of antitumor adaptive immunity. It is believed that Topical 5-aminolevulinic acid mediated photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) can induce anti-tumor immune responses through dangerous signals damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). In this study, we investigated the effect of ALA-PDT induced DAMPs on immune cells. We focused on the stimulation of dendritic cells by major DAMPs, enhanced the expression of calreticulin (CRT), heat shock proteins 70 (HSP70), and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), either individually or in combination. We evaluated in vitro and in vivo expressions of DAMPs induced by ALA-PDT using immunohistochemistry, western blot, and ELISA in a squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) mouse model. The role of DAMPs in the maturation of DCs potentiated by ALA-PDT-treated tumor cells was detected by FACS and ELISA. Our results showed that ALA-PDT enhanced the expression of CRT, HSP70, and HMGB1. These induced DAMPs played an important part in activating DCs by PDT-treated tumor cells, including phenotypic maturation (increase of surface expression of MHC-II, CD80, and CD86) and functional maturation (enhanced capability to secrete IFN-γ and IL-12). Furthermore, injecting ALA-PDT-treated tumor cells into naïve mice resulted in complete protection against cancer cells of the same origin. Our findings indicate that ALA-PDT can increase DAMPs and enhance tumor immunogenicity, providing a promising strategy for inducing a systemic anticancer immune response.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.