ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2015
Arrestin 1 and Cone Arrestin 4 Have Unique Roles in Visual Function in an All-Cone Mouse Retina.
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nr2e3-Deficient Mice Show Evidence for Elevated Photoreceptor Bioenergetics and Retinal Visual Cycle Activity Based on OCT Metabolic Biomarkers.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Gene therapy rescues cone function inMolecular therapy. Advances · 2026Article
- Article
- Gene therapy rescues cone function in an all-cone retina mouse model with the most common cone opsin C203R missense mutation.PloS one · 2026Article
- Syntaxin 3B Mediates Light-Dependent Interactions with STXBP1 and Arrestin 4: Distinct Roles in Rods and Cones.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Reduced adult stem cell fate specification led to eye reduction in cave planarians.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Advances in the study of ARR3 in myopia.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Pupillary Light Reflex Reveals Melanopsin System Alteration in the Background of Myopia-26, the Female Limited Form of Early-Onset High Myopia.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Spatiotemporal control of genome engineering in cone photoreceptors.Cell & bioscience · 2023Article
- The causal mutation in ARR3 gene for high myopia and progressive color vision defect.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- A comparative analysis of gene and protein expression in chronic and acute models of photoreceptor degeneration in adult zebrafish.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Article
- Early onset X-linked female limited high myopia in three multigenerational families caused by novel mutations in the ARR3 gene.Human mutation · 2022Article
- Structural evidence for visual arrestin priming via complexation of phosphoinositols.Structure (London, England : 1993) · 2022Article
- Disease mechanisms of X-linked cone dystrophy caused by missense mutations in the red and green cone opsins.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2021Article
- Identification and Functional Characterization of a Novel Nonsense Variant inFrontiers in genetics · 2021Article
- BBSome Component BBS5 Is Required for Cone Photoreceptor Protein Trafficking and Outer Segment Maintenance.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2020Article
- Rhythmic Regulation of Photoreceptor and RPE Genes Important for Vision and Genetically Associated With Severe Retinal Diseases.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2018Article
- Protective effect of clusterin on rod photoreceptor in rat model of retinitis pigmentosa.PloS one · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposePrevious studies discovered cone phototransduction shutoff occurs normally for Arr1-/- and Arr4-/-; however, it is defective when both visual arrestins are simultaneously not expressed (Arr1-/-Arr4-/-). We investigated the roles of visual arrestins in an all-cone retina (Nrl-/-) since each arrestin has differential effects on visual function, including ARR1 for normal light adaptation, and ARR4 for normal contrast sensitivity and visual acuity.
methodsWe examined Nrl-/-, Nrl-/-Arr1-/-, Nrl-/-Arr4-/-, and Nrl-/-Arr1-/-Arr4-/- mice with photopic electroretinography (ERG) to assess light adaptation and retinal responses, immunoblot and immunohistochemical localization analysis to measure retinal expression levels of M- and S-opsin, and optokinetic tracking (OKT) to measure the visual acuity and contrast sensitivity.
resultsStudy results indicated that Nrl-/- and Nrl-/-Arr4-/- mice light adapted normally, while Nrl-/-Arr1-/- and Nrl-/-Arr1-/-Arr4-/- mice did not. Photopic ERG a-wave, b-wave, and flicker amplitudes followed a general pattern in which Nrl-/-Arr4-/- amplitudes were higher than the amplitudes of Nrl-/-, while the amplitudes of Nrl-/-Arr1-/- and Nrl-/-Arr1-/-Arr4-/- were lower. All three visual arrestin knockouts had faster implicit times than Nrl-/- mice. M-opsin expression is lower when ARR1 is not expressed, while S-opsin expression is lower when ARR4 is not expressed. Although M-opsin expression is mislocalized throughout the photoreceptor cells, S-opsin is confined to the outer segments in all genotypes. Contrast sensitivity is decreased when ARR4 is not expressed, while visual acuity was normal except in Nrl-/-Arr1-/-Arr4-/-.
conclusionsBased on the opposite visual phenotypes in an all-cone retina in the Nrl-/-Arr1-/- and Nrl-/-Arr4-/- mice, we conclude that ARR1 and ARR4 perform unique modulatory roles in cone photoreceptors.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.