Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26623655›Full record

ArticlePLoS pathogens2015

Follicular Dendritic Cells Retain Infectious HIV in Cycling Endosomes.

Balthasar A Heesters, Madelene Lindqvist, Parsia A Vagefi, Eileen P Scully, Frank A Schildberg, Marcus Altfeld, Bruce D Walker, Daniel E Kaufmann, Michael C Carroll

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PLoS pathogens, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
75citing papers in PubMed
6.2field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

75 citing papers in PubMed, 111 citations in OpenAlex.

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  10. Antigen mobility regulates the dynamics and precision of antigen capture in the B cell immune synapse.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
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  19. Complement contributes to antibody-mediated protection against repeated SHIV challenge.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023
    Article
  20. Article

15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.

Balthasar A HeestersProgram in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
Madelene LindqvistRagon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America.
Parsia A VagefiDepartment of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
Eileen P ScullyRagon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America.
Frank A SchildbergDepartment of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
Marcus AltfeldRagon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America.
Bruce D WalkerRagon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America.
Daniel E KaufmannRagon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America.
Michael C CarrollProgram in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
Scripps Research Institute · USBoston Children's Hospital · USBrigham and Women's Hospital · USHarvard University · USLeibniz Institute of Virology (LIV) · DEMassachusetts General Hospital · US

Funding

Support Component D/Vaccine Discovery, Concept to ClinicUM1AI100663 · NIAID · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI BAROUCH, DAN H. · 2012 to 2018
$131.5M
NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI100663
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Despite the success of antiretroviral therapy (ART), it does not cure Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and discontinuation results in viral rebound. Follicular dendritic cells (FDC) are in direct contact with CD4+ T cells and they retain intact antigen for prolonged periods. We found that human FDC isolated from patients on ART retain infectious HIV within a non-degradative cycling compartment and transmit infectious virus to uninfected CD4 T cells in vitro. Importantly, treatment of the HIV+ FDC with a soluble complement receptor 2 purges the FDC of HIV virions and prevents viral transmission in vitro. Our results provide an explanation for how FDC can retain infectious HIV for extended periods and suggest a therapeutic strategy to achieve cure in HIV-infected humans.

Indexed as

AnimalsCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesDendritic Cells, FollicularEndosomesHIV InfectionsHumansImmunohistochemistryMiceMice, Inbred C57BLPolymerase Chain Reaction

Identifiers

PMID26623655
PMCPMC4666623
OpenAlexW2185449687

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.