Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26622037›Full record

ArticleThe British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners2015

Missed opportunities for diagnosis: lessons learned from diagnostic errors in primary care.

Clare R Goyder, Caroline H D Jones, Carl J Heneghan, Matthew J Thompson

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.7field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Understanding the role of GPs' gut feelings in diagnosing cancer in primary care: a systematic review and meta-analysis of existing evidence.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2020
    Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Assessing laboratory specimen losses for the city of Johannesburg, South Africa.African journal of primary health care & family medicine · 2025
    Article
  4. Toward Optimizing the Impact of Digital Pathology and Augmented Intelligence on Issues of Diagnosis, Grading, Staging, and Classification.Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc · 2025
    Review
  5. Article
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  15. Safety netting in routine primary care consultations: an observational study using video-recorded UK consultations.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2019
    Observational
  16. Review
  17. Patient safety research in primary care: where are we now?The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2015
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Clare R GoyderNuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Caroline H D JonesNuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Carl J HeneghanNuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Matthew J ThompsonDepartment of Family Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, US.
University of Oxford · GBUniversity of Washington · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBecause of the difficulties inherent in diagnosis in primary care, it is inevitable that diagnostic errors will occur. However, despite the important consequences associated with diagnostic errors and their estimated high prevalence, teaching and research on diagnostic error is a neglected area.

aimTo ascertain the key learning points from GPs' experiences of diagnostic errors and approaches to clinical decision making associated with these. DESIGN AND

settingSecondary analysis of 36 qualitative interviews with GPs in Oxfordshire, UK.

methodTwo datasets of semi-structured interviews were combined. Questions focused on GPs' experiences of diagnosis and diagnostic errors (or near misses) in routine primary care and out of hours. Interviews were audiorecorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed thematically.

resultsLearning points include GPs' reliance on 'pattern recognition' and the failure of this strategy to identify atypical presentations; the importance of considering all potentially serious conditions using a 'restricted rule out' approach; and identifying and acting on a sense of unease. Strategies to help manage uncertainty in primary care were also discussed.

conclusionLearning from previous examples of diagnostic errors is essential if these events are to be reduced in the future and this should be incorporated into GP training. At a practice level, learning points from experiences of diagnostic errors should be discussed more frequently; and more should be done to integrate these lessons nationally to understand and characterise diagnostic errors.

Indexed as

General PracticeAttitude of Health PersonnelDecision Support TechniquesDiagnostic ErrorsHumansLearningPractice Patterns, Physicians'Qualitative ResearchReferral and ConsultationUnited Kingdomclinical reasoningdecision makingdiagnosisdiagnostic errorseducationgeneral practice

Identifiers

PMID26622037
PMCPMC4655738
OpenAlexW2177960037

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.