ArticleSmall (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)2016
Simultaneous or Sequential Orthogonal Gradient Formation in a 3D Cell Culture Microfluidic Platform.
Article in Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 95 citations in OpenAlex.
- hiPSC-derived Organoids and Organ-on-chip Systems: New Frontiers in Neural Tube Defect Research.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Review
- Next-Generation Strategies for Neural Repair and Regeneration: Neural Organoid Transplantation in the CNS.Cell proliferation · 2026Review
- Functionally Graded Surfaces and Materials: From Fabrication to Biomedical Applications.Chemical reviews · 2026Review
- Multidirectional interstitial flow promotes microvascular network formation: insights from a square chip-based platform.Angiogenesis · 2025Article
- Utility of anLab on a chip · 2025Article
- Engineering human neuronal diversity: Morphogens and stem cell technologies for neurodevelopmental biology.Stem cell reports · 2025Review
- A Deep Learning-Based Model Approach for Quantitative Analysis of Cell Chemotaxis in a Microfluidic Chip.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Bioengineering innovations for neural organoids with enhanced fidelity and function.Cell stem cell · 2025Review
- Generation of Orthogonal Gradients of the Matrix Stiffness and Chemotactic Cues in a Suspended Array of Hydrogel to Study hMSCs Migration.ACS sensors · 2025Article
- Microfluidic-Based Reconstitution of Functional Lymphatic Microvasculature: Elucidating the Role of Lymphatics in Health and Disease.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Breaking Barriers: Exploring Neurotransmitters through In Vivo vs. In Vitro Rivalry.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Knockout cancer by nano-delivered immunotherapy using perfusion-aided scaffold-based tumor-on-a-chip.Nanotheranostics · 2024Review
- Advances in currentFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Review
- Middle-out methods for spatiotemporal tissue engineering of organoids.Nature reviews bioengineering · 2023Review
- Promising Strategies for the Development of Advanced In Vitro Models with High Predictive Power in Ischaemic Stroke Research.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Engineering multiscale structural orders for high-fidelity embryoids and organoids.Cell stem cell · 2022Review
- Synthetic developmental biology: Engineering approaches to guide multicellular organization.Stem cell reports · 2022Review
- Generation of stable advective-diffusive chemokine gradients in a three-dimensional hydrogel.AIP advances · 2022Article
- Advancing models of neural development with biomaterials.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2021Review
- A simple, low cost and reusable microfluidic gradient strategy and its application in modeling cancer invasion.Scientific reports · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Biochemical gradients are ubiquitous in biology. At the tissue level, they dictate differentiation patterning or cell migration. Recapitulating in vitro the complexity of such concentration profiles with great spatial and dynamic control is crucial in order to understand the underlying mechanisms of biological phenomena. Here, a microfluidic design capable of generating diffusion-driven, simultaneous or sequential, orthogonal linear concentration gradients in a 3D cell-embedded scaffold is described. Formation and stability of the orthogonal gradients are demonstrated by computational and fluorescent dextran-based characterizations. Then, system utility is explored in two biological systems. First, stem cells are subjected to orthogonal gradients of morphogens in order to mimic the localized differentiation of motor neurons in the neural tube. Similarly to in vivo, motor neurons preferentially differentiate in regions of high concentration of retinoic acid and smoothened agonist (acting as sonic hedgehog), in a concentration-dependent fashion. Then, a rotating gradient is applied to HT1080 cancer cells and the change in migration direction is investigated as the cells adapt to a new chemical environment. The response time of ≈4 h is reported. These two examples demonstrate the versatility of this new design that can also prove useful in many applications including tissue engineering and drug screening.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.