Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26617974›Full record

ArticleWorld journal of diabetes2015

Simple calculator to estimate the medical cost of diabetes in sub-Saharan Africa.

Koffi Alouki, Hélène Delisle, Stéphane Besançon, Naby Baldé, Assa Sidibé-Traoré, Joseph Drabo, François Djrolo, Jean-Claude Mbanya, Serge Halimi

Open access · diamondAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in World journal of diabetes, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
6.2field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Economic Impact of Diabetes in Africa.Current diabetes reports · 2019
    Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Koffi AloukiKoffi Alouki, Hélène Delisle, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Downtown Station, Montreal H3C 3J7, QC, Canada.
Hélène DelisleKoffi Alouki, Hélène Delisle, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Downtown Station, Montreal H3C 3J7, QC, Canada.
Stéphane BesançonKoffi Alouki, Hélène Delisle, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Downtown Station, Montreal H3C 3J7, QC, Canada.
Naby BaldéKoffi Alouki, Hélène Delisle, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Downtown Station, Montreal H3C 3J7, QC, Canada.
Assa Sidibé-TraoréKoffi Alouki, Hélène Delisle, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Downtown Station, Montreal H3C 3J7, QC, Canada.
Joseph DraboKoffi Alouki, Hélène Delisle, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Downtown Station, Montreal H3C 3J7, QC, Canada.
François DjroloKoffi Alouki, Hélène Delisle, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Downtown Station, Montreal H3C 3J7, QC, Canada.
Jean-Claude MbanyaKoffi Alouki, Hélène Delisle, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Downtown Station, Montreal H3C 3J7, QC, Canada.
Serge HalimiKoffi Alouki, Hélène Delisle, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Downtown Station, Montreal H3C 3J7, QC, Canada.
Université de Montréal · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimTo design a medical cost calculator and show that diabetes care is beyond reach of the majority particularly patients with complications.

methodsOut-of-pocket expenditures of patients for medical treatment of type-2 diabetes were estimated based on price data collected in Benin, Burkina Faso, Guinea and Mali. A detailed protocol for realistic medical care of diabetes and its complications in the African context was defined. Care components were based on existing guidelines, published data and clinical experience. Prices were obtained in public and private health facilities. The cost calculator used Excel. The cost for basic management of uncomplicated diabetes was calculated per person and per year. Incremental costs were also computed per annum for chronic complications and per episode for acute complications.

resultsWide variations of estimated care costs were observed among countries and between the public and private healthcare system. The minimum estimated cost for the treatment of uncomplicated diabetes (in the public sector) would amount to 21%-34% of the country's gross national income per capita, 26%-47% in the presence of retinopathy, and above 70% for nephropathy, the most expensive complication.

conclusionThe study provided objective evidence for the exorbitant medical cost of diabetes considering that no medical insurance is available in the study countries. Although the calculator only estimates the cost of inaction, it is innovative and of interest for several stakeholders.

Indexed as

AdvocacyAfricaCost-of-illnessDiabetesNon-communicable diseases

Identifiers

PMID26617974
PMCPMC4655256
OpenAlexW2419093209

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.