ArticleNeurobehavioral HIV medicine
Apolipoprotein-E genotype and human immunodeficiency virus-associated neurocognitive disorder: the modulating effects of older age and disease severity.
Article in Neurobehavioral HIV medicine. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- The impact of APOE ε4 on cognitive performance in adults with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Pooled it
- Is There Any Evidence of Premature, Accentuated and Accelerated Aging Effects on Neurocognition in People Living with HIV? A Systematic Review.AIDS and behavior · 2021Pooled it
- Comparative Proteomic Profiling and Biomarker Identification of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Based HIV/AIDS Syndromes.Scientific reports · 2018Trial
- The influence of socioeconomic factors and apolipoprotein ε genotype on cognitive outcomes in a multi-ethnic sample living with HCV and HIV.International journal of STD & AIDS · 2025Article
- Preventing Neurocognitive Decline in Adults Aging with HIV: Implications for Practice and Research.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2023Review
- Neuropathologic Findings in Elderly HIV-Positive Individuals.Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology · 2022Article
- Neurocognitive Impairment and Associated Genetic Aspects in HIV Infection.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2021Article
- Apolipoprotein E Genetic Variation and Its Association With Cognitive Function in Rural-Dwelling Older South Africans.Frontiers in genetics · 2021Article
- Transcriptomic and Genetic Profiling of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2021Review
- Iron-regulatory genes are associated with Neuroimaging measures in HIV infection.Brain imaging and behavior · 2020Article
- The current understanding of overlap between characteristics of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders and Alzheimer's disease.Journal of neurovirology · 2019Review
- Nuclear-Mitochondrial interactions influence susceptibility to HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment.Mitochondrion · 2019Observational
- Childhood trauma interacts with ApoE to influence neurocognitive function in women living with HIV.Journal of neurovirology · 2019Article
- Relationship Between Brain Arterial Pathology and Neurocognitive Performance Among Individuals With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2019Article
- Risk Factors and Pathogenesis of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder: The Role of Host Genetics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- Aging and Apolipoprotein E in HIV Infection.Journal of neurovirology · 2018Review
- ApoE ε4 Is Associated With Cognition, Brain Integrity, and Atrophy in HIV Over Age 60.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2016Article
- Lipid Profiles and APOE4 Allele Impact Midlife Cognitive Decline in HIV-Infected Men on Antiretroviral Therapy.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2016Article
- Apolipoprotein E ε4 genotype status is not associated with neuroimaging outcomes in a large cohort of HIV+ individuals.Journal of neurovirology · 2016Article
- Mitochondrial DNA Haplogroups and Neurocognitive Impairment During HIV Infection.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2015Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe apolipoprotein-E (APOE) ε4 allele is a risk factor for vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Recent studies are equivocal with regards to whether or not the ε4 allele confers increased risk for the development of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND), but suggest that age and/or disease severity may be modulating factors. The aim of this study was to assess the interactions and contributions of APOE genotype, age, and HIV disease severity as risk factors for HAND in HIV-infected adults.
methodsParticipants were 259 HIV-positive individuals who underwent APOE genotyping, a standardized neurological evaluation, a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation, and laboratory testing.
resultsOlder ε4 carriers showed a higher frequency of HAND compared with age-matched non-ε4 carriers. Analysis by discrete neurocognitive domain revealed that advanced age modulated the effect of the ε4 allele, such that older ε4 allele carriers showed reduced executive functioning and information processing speed. Exploratory analyses assessing the relationship between ε4 and disease severity in the overall sample revealed that disease severity modulated the effect of the ε4 allele on cognition. Lower absolute CD4+ cell count among ε4 allele carriers was associated with poorer working memory ability.
conclusionAdvancing age and degree of immunosuppression may influence the association between APOE ε4 allele status and HAND. These two factors need to be taken into account in future research.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.