ReviewUrolithiasis2016
How should patients with cystine stone disease be evaluated and treated in the twenty-first century?
Review in Urolithiasis, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pharmacological interventions for the management of cystinuria: a systematic review.Journal of nephrology · 2024Pooled it
- Gender Differences in Kidney Stone Disease (KSD): Findings from a Systematic Review.Current urology reports · 2021Pooled it
- Enhancing Renal Stone Management: Tip-Flexible Ureteral Access Sheath in Cystine Stone Surgery.The American journal of case reports · 2025Article
- The role of double heterozygotes of SLC3A1 and SLC7A9 in the prevalence of cystine stones.Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics · 2025Article
- Mechanisms involved in aminoacidurias: impacts of genetic and environmental factors.Current research in physiology · 2025Review
- Structure-activity relationships and pharmacokinetic evaluation of L-cystine diamides as L-cystine crystallization inhibitors for cystinuria.Medicinal chemistry research : an international journal for rapid communications on design and mechanisms of action of biologically active agents · 2024Article
- 8-l-Cystinyl Bis(1,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decane) as an Orally Bioavailable l-Cystine Crystallization Inhibitor for Cystinuria.ACS medicinal chemistry letters · 2024Article
- Visceral Adiposity and Its Impact on Nephrolithiasis: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Effect of urine alkalization on urinary inflammatory markers in cystinuric patients.Clinical kidney journal · 2024Article
- Management of Pediatric Urolithiasis in an Italian Tertiary Referral Center: A Retrospective Analysis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- Population genetics analysis of SLC3A1 and SLC7A9 revealed the etiology of cystine stone may be more than what our current genetic knowledge can explain.Urolithiasis · 2023Article
- Case-based review of dietary management of cystinuria.World journal of urology · 2023Review
- Pediatric Nephrolithiasis.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Cystine Stones: Developments in Minimally Invasive Surgery and Their Impact on Morbidity and Stone Clearance.Research and reports in urology · 2023Review
- Typical course of cystinuria leading to untypical complications in pregnancy: A case report and review of literature.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Can prenatal renal pelvicalyceal echogenic foci support the diagnosis of cystinuria?Journal of the Turkish German Gynecological Association · 2022Article
- Cystine crystal-induced reactive oxygen species associated with NLRP3 inflammasome activation: implications for the pathogenesis of cystine calculi.International urology and nephrology · 2022Article
- Crystalline structures of L-cysteine and L-cystine: a combined theoretical and experimental characterization.Amino acids · 2022Article
- Cystinuria: An Overview of Diagnosis and Medical Management.Turkish archives of pediatrics · 2022Article
- Cystinuria: An Overview of Challenges and Surgical Management.Frontiers in surgery · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cystinuria continues to be one of the most challenging stone diseases. During the latest decades our knowledge of the molecular basis of cystinuria has expanded. Today 160 different mutations in the SLC3A1 gene and 116 in the SLC7A9 gene are listed. The full implications of type A, B or AB status are not yet fully understood but may have implications for prognosis, management and treatment. Despite better understanding of the molecular basis of cystinuria the principles of recurrence prevention have remained essentially the same through decades. No curative treatment of cystinuria exists, and patients will have a life long risk of stone formation, repeated surgery, impaired renal function and quality of life. Therapy to reduce stone formation is directed towards lowering urine cystine concentration and increasing cystine solubility. Different molecules that could play a role in promoting nucleation and have a modulating effect on cystine solubility may represent new targets for cystinuria research. Investigation of newer thiol-containing drugs with fewer adverse effects is also warranted. Determining cystine capacity may be an effective tool to monitor the individual patient's response. Compliance in cystinuric patients concerning both dietary and pharmacological intervention is poor. Frequent clinical follow-up visits in dedicated centres seem to improve compliance. Cystinuric patients should be managed in dedicated centres offering the complete range of minimal invasive treatment modalities, enabling a personalized treatment approach in order to reduce risk and morbidity of multiple procedures.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.