ArticleJournal of the National Cancer Institute2016
Postmenopausal Female Hormone Use and Estrogen Receptor-Positive and -Negative Breast Cancer in African American Women.
Article in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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17 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nutritional Formulation for Patients with Angelman Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of Exogenous Ketones.The Journal of nutrition · 2021Trial
- Estrogen alone and health outcomes in black women by African ancestry: a secondary analyses of a randomized controlled trial.Menopause (New York, N.Y.) · 2017Trial
- Prognosis and endocrine therapy efficacy in early breast cancer with estrogen receptor low expression.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2026Article
- The dual role of the gut microbiota in breast cancer: from pathogenic mechanisms to emerging therapeutic.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Genetic variants of glucose metabolism and exposure to smoking in African American breast cancer.Endocrine-related cancer · 2023Article
- Dietary Vitamin A and Breast Cancer Risk in Black Women: The African American Breast Cancer Epidemiology and Risk (AMBER) Consortium.The Journal of nutrition · 2021Article
- A Validated Risk Prediction Model for Breast Cancer in US Black Women.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2021Article
- Risk factors for breast cancer subtypes among Black women undergoing screening mammography.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2021Article
- Associations of fecal microbial profiles with breast cancer and nonmalignant breast disease in the Ghana Breast Health Study.International journal of cancer · 2021Article
- Use of postmenopausal hormone therapies and risk of histology- and hormone receptor-defined breast cancer: results from a 15-year prospective analysis of NIH-AARP cohort.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2020Observational
- Breast Cancer Incidence and Mortality by Molecular Subtype: Statewide Age and Racial/Ethnic Disparities in New Jersey.Cancer health disparities · 2019Article
- Resveratrol attenuates hydrogen peroxide-induced aging through upregulation of autophagy in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.Drug design, development and therapy · 2019Article
- Race, Menopausal Hormone Therapy, and Invasive Breast Cancer in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2018Article
- Type II Diabetes and Incidence of Estrogen Receptor Negative Breast Cancer in African American Women.Cancer research · 2017Article
- Vigorous physical activity and risk of breast cancer in the African American breast cancer epidemiology and risk consortium.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2016Article
- Genetic variations in vitamin D-related pathways and breast cancer risk in African American women in the AMBER consortium.International journal of cancer · 2016Article
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Abstract
backgroundUse of estrogen with progestin (combination therapy) is associated with increased incidence of estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer in observational studies and randomized trials among postmenopausal white women. Whether this is also the case among African American women is not established.
methodsUsing data from the AMBER consortium collected from 1993 to 2013, we assessed use of estrogen alone and of combination therapy in relation to ER+ and ER-negative (ER-) breast cancer risk in postmenopausal African American women, based on 1132 ER+ case patients, 512 ER- case patients, and 6693 control patients. Odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using multinomial logistic regression with control for breast cancer risk factors.
resultsForty-seven percent of control patients had used estrogen alone, combination therapy, or both. The odds ratio for ER+ breast cancer associated with combination use, relative to never use of either estrogen alone or combination therapy, was 1.50 (95% CI = 1.25 to 1.79). The increase was greater for recent (OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.21 to 1.99) and long-term use (OR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.13 to 2.73) and among nonobese women (OR = 1.91, 95% CI = 1.29 to 2.83). Breast cancer risk was increased regardless of the interval between onset of menopause and initiation of combination use (OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.11 to 1.85, for <5 year interval; OR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.34 to 2.37, for ≥5 year interval). Combination use was not associated with risk of ER- breast cancer, and use of estrogen alone was not associated with risk of either ER+ or ER- breast cancer.
conclusionUse of estrogen with progestin increases risk of ER+ breast cancer in African American women. A decrease in use would be expected to reduce the number of ER+ cancers.
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