ReviewSexual development : genetics, molecular biology, evolution, endocrinology, embryology, and pathology of sex determination and differentiation2015
The Genetic and Environmental Factors Underlying Hypospadias.
Review in Sexual development : genetics, molecular biology, evolution, endocrinology, embryology, and pathology of sex determination and differentiation, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 92 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Cosmotic Outcome of Distal Penile Hypospidias Repair Using Stitch by Stitch Glanuloplasty Versus TIP ; a Non Randamized Retrospective Study
Inlay Inner Preputial Graft Versus Transverse Preputial Island Flap in Management of Proximal Penile Hypospadias
Who cites it
92 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 229 citations in OpenAlex.
- Publication Bias in Randomized Controlled Trials of Hypospadias Surgical Repair: A Systematic Review.International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association · 2025Pooled it
- Prevalence and Clustering of Congenital Heart Defects Among Boys With Hypospadias.JAMA network open · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
- Does local injection of long acting corticosteroid improve postoperative outcome of hypospadias repair? A randomized controlled trial.International urology and nephrology · 2024Trial
- Molecular analysis of individuals with suspected 46,XY differences of sex development in a homogenous and understudied population.Human molecular genetics · 2026Article
- Genetic Susceptibility and Pathogenesis of Hypospadias.Biochemical genetics · 2026Review
- Genetic Susceptibility and Pathogenesis of Hypospadias.Biochemical genetics · 2026Review
- Intermittent exposure to high ambient heat during the second half of gestation in mice causes mild alterations of reproductive endpoints in male embryos.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Mental health diagnoses among patients with complex hypospadias.World journal of urology · 2026Article
- Hub genes and molecular mechanisms related to hypospadias based on transcriptome sequencing data and bioinformatics analysis.BMC medical genomics · 2026Article
- Integrated analysis of extrachromosomal circular DNA and transcriptome reveals associations between microbial profiles and Immunoinflammatory markers in hypospadias.World journal of urology · 2026Article
- Disorders of sex development associated with MPI and RSPH1 variants expand the phenotypic spectrum of CDG and PCD in Morocco.Molecular biology reports · 2026Article
- Association between penile ischemia duration and complications after hypospadias repair in children.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Genetic, Epigenetic, and Non-Genetic Factors in Testicular Dysgenesis Syndrome: A Narrative Review.Genes · 2025Review
- Documentation of biological sex and gender in missing person investigations.Forensic science international. Synergy · 2025Article
- Risk factors for hypospadias: a prospective single-center study from Ghana.World journal of urology · 2025Article
- Complex Body Wall Closure Defects in Seven Dog Fetuses: An Anatomic and CT Scan Study.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Review
- Comparison of the Surgical Results of Ventral and Dorsal Dartos Flaps in Tubularized Incised Plate Urethroplasty for Distal Hypospadias: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Urology research & practice · 2025Article
- X-chromosome association study reveals genetic susceptibility loci of hypospadias in southern Chinese population.World journal of urology · 2025Article
32 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Hypospadias results from a failure of urethral closure in the male phallus and affects 1 in 200-300 boys. It is thought to be due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. The development of the penis progresses in 2 stages: an initial hormone-independent phase and a secondary hormone-dependent phase. Here, we review the molecular pathways that contribute to each of these stages, drawing on studies from both human and mouse models. Hypospadias can occur when normal development of the phallus is disrupted, and we provide evidence that mutations in genes underlying this developmental process are causative. Finally, we discuss the environmental factors that may contribute to hypospadias and their potential immediate and transgenerational epigenetic impacts.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.