Trial reportSleep2016
Sleep Restriction Enhances the Daily Rhythm of Circulating Levels of Endocannabinoid 2-Arachidonoylglycerol.
Trial report in Sleep, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 142 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chronotype and disordered eating indicators: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical psychology review · 2026Pooled it
- Dietary patterns and insomnia symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Sleep medicine reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Short-term sleep restriction in humans alters diurnal circulating metabolite profiles, including those of microbial origin.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Effects of Experimental Sleep Restriction on Energy Intake, Energy Expenditure, and Visceral Obesity.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2022Trial
- Extended Absorption of Liothyronine from Poly-Zinc-Liothyronine: Results from a Phase 1, Double-Blind, Randomized, and Controlled Study in Humans.Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2022Trial
- Does Sleep Curtailment Stimulate Appetite, Motivation to Eat and Dietary Intake in Humans? A Narrative Synthesis of Evidence and Considerations for Future Studies.Journal of sleep research · 2026Review
- Sleep loss as a cardiometabolic risk factor: a narrative review of clinical and public health implications.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2026Review
- Associations of endocannabinoid serum concentrations with behavioral impulsivity and substance use in late childhood to early adolescence.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2026Article
- A Narrative Review on Sleep and Eating Behavior.Current diabetes reports · 2025Review
- Sleep disorders impact hormonal regulation: unravelling the relationship among sleep disorders, hormones and metabolic diseases.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Review
- Sleep habits in the pathogenesis and management of diabesity.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2025Review
- The Blue Light-Responsive Lateral Pathway of the Retinohypothalamic Tract Promotes Endocannabinoid-Driven Modulation of Orexin Neurons.Journal of neurochemistry · 2025Article
- Advancing Chrononutrition for Cardiometabolic Health: A 2023 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Workshop Report.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Review
- The Interplay of Genetic Predisposition, Circadian Misalignment, and Metabolic Regulation in Obesity.Current obesity reports · 2025Review
- Involvement of CB1R and CB2R Ligands in Sleep Disorders and Addictive Behaviors in the Last 25 Years.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Potential bidirectional communication between the liver and the central circadian clock in MASLD.npj metabolic health and disease · 2025Review
- The role of the endocannabinoid system in managing neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Review
- Social Jetlag on Obesity-Related Outcomes in Spanish Adolescents: Cross-Sectional Evidence from the EHDLA Study.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Endocannabinoid agonist 2-arachidonoylglycerol differentially alters diurnal activity and sleep during fentanyl withdrawal in male and female mice.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2024Article
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
STUDY
objectivesIncreasing evidence from laboratory and epidemiologic studies indicates that insufficient sleep may be a risk factor for obesity. Sleep curtailment results in stimulation of hunger and food intake that exceeds the energy cost of extended wakefulness, suggesting the involvement of reward mechanisms. The current study tested the hypothesis that sleep restriction is associated with activation of the endocannabinoid (eCB) system, a key component of hedonic pathways involved in modulating appetite and food intake.
methodsIn a randomized crossover study comparing 4 nights of normal (8.5 h) versus restricted sleep (4.5 h) in healthy young adults, we examined the 24-h profiles of circulating concentrations of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and its structural analog 2-oleoylglycerol (2-OG). We concomitantly assessed hunger, appetite, and food intake under controlled conditions.
resultsA robust daily variation of 2-AG concentrations with a nadir around the middle of the sleep/overnight fast, followed by a continuous increase culminating in the early afternoon, was evident under both sleep conditions but sleep restriction resulted in an amplification of this rhythm with delayed and extended maximum values. Concentrations of 2-OG followed a similar pattern, but with a lesser amplitude. When sleep deprived, participants reported increases in hunger and appetite concomitant with the afternoon elevation of 2-AG concentrations, and were less able to inhibit intake of palatable snacks.
conclusionsOur findings suggest that activation of the eCB system may be involved in excessive food intake in a state of sleep debt and contribute to the increased risk of obesity associated with insufficient sleep. COMMENTARY: A commentary on this article appears in this issue on page 495.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.