Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26611191›Full record

Trial reportMedical education2015

Linking quality of care and training costs: cost-effectiveness in health professions education.

Martin G Tolsgaard, Ann Tabor, Mette E Madsen, Camilla B Wulff, Liv Dyre, Charlotte Ringsted, Lone N Nørgaard

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Medical education, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Martin G TolsgaardCentre for Clinical Education, Capital Region and University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Ann TaborDepartment of Obstetrics, Rigshopitalet, Centre for Fetal Medicine and Pregnancy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Denmark.
Mette E MadsenDepartment of Obstetrics, Rigshopitalet, Centre for Fetal Medicine and Pregnancy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Denmark.
Camilla B WulffDepartment of Obstetrics, Rigshopitalet, Centre for Fetal Medicine and Pregnancy, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Denmark.
Liv DyreCentre for Clinical Education, Capital Region and University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Charlotte RingstedFaculty of Health, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark.
Lone N NørgaardDepartment of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Nordsjaelland Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo provide a model for conducting cost-effectiveness analyses in medical education. The model was based on a randomised trial examining the effects of training midwives to perform cervical length measurement (CLM) as compared with obstetricians on patients' waiting times. (CLM), as compared with obstetricians.

methodsThe model included four steps: (i) gathering data on training outcomes, (ii) assessing total costs and effects, (iii) calculating the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) and (iv) estimating cost-effectiveness probability for different willingness to pay (WTP) values. To provide a model example, we conducted a randomised cost-effectiveness trial. Midwives were randomised to CLM training (midwife-performed CLMs) or no training (initial management by midwife, and CLM performed by obstetrician). Intervention-group participants underwent simulation-based and clinical training until they were proficient. During the following 6 months, waiting times from arrival to admission or discharge were recorded for women who presented with symptoms of pre-term labour. Outcomes for women managed by intervention and control-group participants were compared. These data were then used for the remaining steps of the cost-effectiveness model.

resultsIntervention-group participants needed a mean 268.2 (95% confidence interval [CI], 140.2-392.2) minutes of simulator training and a mean 7.3 (95% CI, 4.4-10.3) supervised scans to attain proficiency. Women who were scanned by intervention-group participants had significantly reduced waiting time compared with those managed by the control group (n = 65; mean difference, 36.6 [95% CI 7.3-65.8] minutes; p = 0.008), which corresponded to an ICER of 0.45 EUR minute(-1) . For WTP values less than EUR 0.26 minute(-1) , obstetrician-performed CLM was the most cost-effective strategy, whereas midwife-performed CLM was cost-effective for WTP values above EUR 0.73 minute(-1) .

conclusionCost-effectiveness models can be used to link quality of care to training costs. The example used in the present study demonstrated that different training strategies could be recommended as the most cost-effective depending on administrators' willingness to pay per unit of the outcome variable.

Indexed as

Quality of Health CareCervical Length MeasurementCost-Benefit AnalysisEducation, Medical, UndergraduateFemaleHealth OccupationsHumansMidwiferyObstetrics and Gynecology Department, HospitalPregnancy

Identifiers

PMID26611191
PMCPMC5063180

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.