ReviewThe Yale journal of biology and medicine2015
Bygiene: The New Paradigm of Bidirectional Hygiene.
Review in The Yale journal of biology and medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Fecal microbiota transplantation in pigs: current status and future perspective.Animal microbiome · 2025Review
- Probiotic-Based Approaches for Sustainable Control of Infectious Risk in Mass Transport: Current Data and Future Perspectives.Microbial biotechnology · 2025Review
- A Sustainable Combined Approach to Control the Microbial Bioburden in the School Environment.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Tackling transmission of infectious diseases: A probiotic-based system as a remedy for the spread of pathogenic and resistant microbes.Microbial biotechnology · 2024Review
- Pathogen Control in the Built Environment: A Probiotic-Based System as a Remedy for the Spread of Antibiotic Resistance.Microorganisms · 2022Article
- Potential of an Eco-Sustainable Probiotic-Cleaning Formulation in Reducing Infectivity of Enveloped Viruses.Viruses · 2021Article
- A 21st century view of infection control in everyday settings: Moving from the Germ Theory of Disease to the Microbial Theory of Health.American journal of infection control · 2020Review
- Exploring the Hospital Microbiome by High-Resolution 16S rRNA Profiling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Fighting AMR in the Healthcare Environment: Microbiome-Based Sanitation Approaches and Monitoring Tools.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Article
- Hygiene: microbial strategies to reduce pathogens and drug resistance in clinical settings.Microbial biotechnology · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The pervasive dogma surrounding the evolution of virulence - -namely, that a pathogen's virulence decreases over time to prevent threatening its host -- is an archaic assertion that is more appropriately cast as an optimization of virulence cost and benefit. However, the prevailing attitudes underlying practices of medical hygiene and sanitization remain entrenched in these passé ideas. This is true despite the emergence of evidence linking those practices to mounting virulence and antimicrobial resistance in the hospital. It is, therefore, our position that just as the microbe has sought an optimized balance in virulence, so should we seek such an optimized balance in vigilance, complementing warfare with restoration. We call this approach "bygiene," or bidirectional hygiene.
Indexed as
Identifiers
26604859PMC4654184What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.