ArticleStroke2016
D-4F Decreases White Matter Damage After Stroke in Mice.
Article in Stroke, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor, Inflammation, and MRI Markers of Alzheimer's Disease in Predominantly Middle-Aged Adults.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2022Pooled it
- The HDL-Mimetic Peptide 4F Mitigates Vascular and Cortical Amyloid Pathology and Associated Neuroinflammation in a Transgenic Mouse Model of Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy and Alzheimer's Disease.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- The Role of APOA-I in Alzheimer's Disease: Bridging Peripheral Tissues and the Central Nervous System.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Lipoprotein Particles in Cerebrospinal Fluid.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2024Review
- TCRαβTheranostics · 2023Article
- Post-Stroke Administration of L-4F Promotes Neurovascular and White Matter Remodeling in Type-2 Diabetic Stroke Mice.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Therapeutic Potential of Cytokines in Demyelinating Lesions After Stroke.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2021Review
- Combined transcriptomic and lipidomic analysis of D-4F ameliorating bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis.Annals of translational medicine · 2021Article
- Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking-Based Mechanism Study to Reveal the Protective Effect of Salvianolic Acid C in a Rat Model of Ischemic Stroke.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- Human umbilical cord blood cells rescued traumatic brain injury-induced cardiac and neurological deficits.Annals of translational medicine · 2020Article
- HDL from an Alzheimer's disease perspective.Current opinion in lipidology · 2019Review
- ApoA-I Mimetic Peptide Reduces Vascular and White Matter Damage After Stroke in Type-2 Diabetic Mice.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019Article
- Administration of Downstream ApoE Attenuates the Adverse Effect of Brain ABCA1 Deficiency on Stroke.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Article
- Axl activation attenuates neuroinflammation by inhibiting the TLR/TRAF/NF-κB pathway after MCAO in rats.Neurobiology of disease · 2018Article
- Potential Medications or Compounds Acting on Toll-like Receptors in Cerebral Ischemia.Current neuropharmacology · 2018Review
- Assessed and Emerging Biomarkers in Stroke and Training-Mediated Stroke Recovery: State of the Art.Neural plasticity · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
background and purposeStroke-induced neuroinflammation and white matter damage are associated with neurological deficits. Whether D-4F, an apolipoprotein A-I mimetic peptide, treatment of stroke decreases neuroinflammation and white matter damage and improves functional outcome has not been investigated.
methodsAdult male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) and were orally administered saline as a vehicle control and different doses of D-4F (2, 4, 8, 16, or 32 mg/kg) starting at 2 h after MCAo and daily until euthanized at 7 days after MCAo. D-4F treatment did not alter the blood levels of high-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, triglyceride, blood-brain barrier leakage, and infarction volume compared with control group.
resultsD-4F (16 mg/kg) treatment of stroke significantly improved functional outcome, increased the white matter density and the number of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells in the ischemic boundary zone of the ipsilateral striatum, and increased myelin basic protein, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1), but decreased inflammatory factor Toll-like receptor-4 and tumor necrosis factor-α expression in the ischemic brain 7 days after MCAo (P<0.05, n=11/group). The neurite/axonal outgrowth in primary cultured neurons was significantly increased when treated with D-4F (100 ng/mL) and IGF1 (100 ng/mL) compared with the nontreatment control. Inhibition of IGF1 significantly attenuated D-4F or IGF1 treatment-induced axonal outgrowth. D-4F-treatment did not increase oligodendrocyte-progenitor cell proliferation but decreased oligodendrocyte-progenitor cell death.
conclusionsD-4F treatment initiated 2 h after MCAo decreases neuroinflammation and white matter damage and improves functional outcome after stroke. D-4F-induced increase in IGF1 may contribute to D-4F-induced neurite/axonal outgrowth after stroke.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.