ArticleInternational journal of immunopathology and pharmacology2016
Age and diabetes related changes of the retinal capillaries: An ultrastructural and immunohistochemical study.
Article in International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Correlation Among Hypoglycemia, Glycemic Variability, and C-Peptide Preservation After Alefacept Therapy in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Analysis of Data from the Immune Tolerance Network T1DAL Trial.Clinical therapeutics · 2016Trial
- A viscoelastic suspension culture strategy modulating fusion and development in blood vessel organoids.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Age-Related Neurovascular Dysfunction in the Retina and Potential Pathogenic Mechanisms.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Review
- The life cycle of type IV collagen.Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology · 2025Review
- Diabetic Retinopathy-A Review.Current diabetes reviews · 2025Review
- Microvascular destabilization and intricated network of the cytokines in diabetic retinopathy: from the perspective of cellular and molecular components.Cell & bioscience · 2024Review
- Computational and Experimental Approaches Exploring the Role of Hesperetin in Improving Autophagy in Rat Diabetic Retinopathy.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- High-throughput ultrastructural analysis of macular telangiectasia type 2.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Recent advances in the treatment and delivery system of diabetic retinopathy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- The Role of Oxidative Stress in the Aging Eye.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Biochemical Functions and Clinical Characterizations of the Sirtuins in Diabetes-Induced Retinal Pathologies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Cellular changes at the glia-neuro-vascular interface in definite idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2022Article
- Updates on the Current Treatments for Diabetic Retinopathy and Possibility of Future Oral Therapy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Pericyte morphology and function.Histology and histopathology · 2021Review
- Retinal capillary basement membrane thickening: Role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2021Review
- Glucocorticoids Promote Extracellular Matrix Component Remodeling by Activating YAP in Human Retinal Capillary Endothelial Cells.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Article
- Age-related changes in retrobulbar circulation: a literature review.International ophthalmology · 2020Review
- Therapeutic Approaches with Intravitreal Injections in Geographic Atrophy Secondary to Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Current Drugs and Potential Molecules.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Normal human aging and diabetes are associated with a gradual decrease of cerebral flow in the brain with changes in vascular architecture. Thickening of the capillary basement membrane and microvascular fibrosis are evident in the central nervous system of elderly and diabetic patients. Current findings assign a primary role to endothelial dysfunction as a cause of basement membrane (BM) thickening, while retinal alterations are considered to be a secondary cause of either ischemia or exudation. The aim of this study was to reveal any initial retinal alterations and variations in the BM of retinal capillaries during diabetes and aging as compared to healthy controls. Moreover, we investigated the potential role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and pro-inflammatory cytokines in diabetic retina.Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was performed on 46 enucleated human eyes with particular attention to alterations of the retinal capillary wall and Müller glial cells. Inflammatory cytokines expression in the retina was investigated by immunohistochemistry.Our electron microscopy findings demonstrated that thickening of the BM begins primarily at the level of the glial side of the retina during aging and diabetes. The Müller cells showed numerous cytoplasmic endosomes and highly electron-dense lysosomes which surrounded the retinal capillaries. Our study is the first to present morphological evidence that Müller cells start to deposit excessive BM material in retinal capillaries during aging and diabetes. Our results confirm the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β within the retina as a result of diabetes.These observations strongly suggest that inflammatory cytokines and changes in the metabolism of Müller glial cells rather than changes in of endothelial cells may play a primary role in the alteration of retinal capillaries BM during aging and diabetes.
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